TAFSEER-E-ASEDI

By
Shaikh Mir Asedullah Quadri

Juz 11 - يَعْتَذِرُونَ

سورة التوبة

The Repentance

At-Tawbah | Sura # 9 | 129 verses | Madinan

يَعْتَذِرُونَ إِلَيْكُمْ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ ۚ قُلْ لَا تَعْتَذِرُوا لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لَكُمْ قَدْ نَبَّأَنَا اللَّهُ مِنْ أَخْبَارِكُمْ ۚ وَسَيَرَى اللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَرَسُولُهُ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ٩٤

9:94 When you come back they will offer excuses to you. Tell them : 'Make no excuses; we do not believe you. Allah has informed us about you; and Allah and His Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) shall watch your conduct. Then you will be brought to Him who knows what is hidden and what is manifest. He will tell you of what you did.'

سَيَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ لَكُمْ إِذَا انْقَلَبْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ لِتُعْرِضُوا عَنْهُمْ ۖ فَأَعْرِضُوا عَنْهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ رِجْسٌ ۖ وَمَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ٩٥

9:95 When you return to them they will certainly swear to you by Allah (that they had a genuine excuse) so that you may leave them alone.  So let them be alone. Surely, they are unclean and their abode is Hell; a deserving retribution for what they have been doing.

يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ لِتَرْضَوْا عَنْهُمْ ۖ فَإِنْ تَرْضَوْا عَنْهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَرْضَىٰ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الْفَاسِقِينَ٩٦

9:96 They will plead on oath that you accept them. Even if you accept them, remember Allah does not accept people who are disobedient.

الْأَعْرَابُ أَشَدُّ كُفْرًا وَنِفَاقًا وَأَجْدَرُ أَلَّا يَعْلَمُوا حُدُودَ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ٩٧

9:97 Nomadic Arabs are more rigid in disbelief and hypocrisy and more likely not to know the limits of what Allah has revealed to His Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم).  Allah is All Knowing and All Wise.

وَمِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ مَنْ يَتَّخِذُ مَا يُنْفِقُ مَغْرَمًا وَيَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمُ الدَّوَائِرَ ۚ عَلَيْهِمْ دَائِرَةُ السَّوْءِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ٩٨

9:98 Among the nomadic Arabs are those who consider spending in Allah's cause as penalty and wait for the cycle of misfortune  befall on you.  Upon them only is the evil cycle of misfortune; and Allah is All Hearing, All Knowing.

وَمِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ مَنْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَيَتَّخِذُ مَا يُنْفِقُ قُرُبَاتٍ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَصَلَوَاتِ الرَّسُولِ ۚ أَلَا إِنَّهَا قُرْبَةٌ لَهُمْ ۚ سَيُدْخِلُهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي رَحْمَتِهِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ٩٩

9:99 Yet some nomadic Arabs believe in Allah and the Last Day, and consider what they spend to be a means of bringing them nearer to Allah and the blessings of the Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم). This is certainly a means of achieving proximity (with Allah), and Allah will admit them to His mercy, for  is forgiving and kind.

وَالسَّابِقُونَ الْأَوَّلُونَ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَالَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُمْ بِإِحْسَانٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي تَحْتَهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ١٠٠

9:100 And the first forerunners (in believers) among the Muhajireen and the Ansar and those who followed them with good conduct, Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him, and He has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide forever. That is indeed the great success.

وَمِمَّنْ حَوْلَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ مُنَافِقُونَ ۖ وَمِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ ۖ مَرَدُوا عَلَى النِّفَاقِ لَا تَعْلَمُهُمْ ۖ نَحْنُ نَعْلَمُهُمْ ۚ سَنُعَذِّبُهُمْ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَذَابٍ عَظِيمٍ١٠١

9:101 There are hypocrites among the nomads around you and among the townspeople of Madinah, steeped in hypocrisy. You do not know them; We know them, and We will punish them twice, then they shall be consigned to a great punishment.

وَآخَرُونَ اعْتَرَفُوا بِذُنُوبِهِمْ خَلَطُوا عَمَلًا صَالِحًا وَآخَرَ سَيِّئًا عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ١٠٢

9:102 There are Others who have admitted their sins: they have mixed a righteous deed with an evil one. It may be that Allah will return their repentance with forgiveness. Surely Allah is All Forgiving, Most Merciful.

خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِمْ بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ ۖ إِنَّ صَلَاتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَهُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ١٠٣

9:103 Take alms (prescribed and voluntary) out of their wealth so that you (O Prophet ﷺ) may thereby cleanse them and cause them to grow in purity and sincerity, and pray for them. Indeed your prayer is a source of comfort for them. And Allah is All Hearing, All Knowing.

أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقَاتِ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ١٠٤

9:104 Do they not know that Allah accepts the repentance of His servants and receives what they offer in charity, and that He is All Forgiving, All Merciful.

وَقُلِ اعْمَلُوا فَسَيَرَى اللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۖ وَسَتُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ١٠٥

9:105 Tell them, 'do deeds, Allah will see your conduct, and so will His Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) and the faithful; for you will, in the end, go back to Him who knows the unknown and the known, and who will tell you of what you were doing.'

وَآخَرُونَ مُرْجَوْنَ لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ إِمَّا يُعَذِّبُهُمْ وَإِمَّا يَتُوبُ عَلَيْهِمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ١٠٦

9:106 And yet there are others about whom Allah's decree is awaited; whether He will punish them or guide them to repentance to forgive them. Allah is All Knowing, All Wise.

وَالَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا مَسْجِدًا ضِرَارًا وَكُفْرًا وَتَفْرِيقًا بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَإِرْصَادًا لِمَنْ حَارَبَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ ۚ وَلَيَحْلِفُنَّ إِنْ أَرَدْنَا إِلَّا الْحُسْنَىٰ ۖ وَاللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّهُمْ لَكَاذِبُونَ١٠٧

9:107 Some among the hypocrites who have built a mosque out of dissension and unbelief, in order to cause division among the believers, and use it as an outpost to collaborate with him,  who before made war on Allah and His Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) will certainly swear : 'We mean nothing but good (in building this mosque)', whereas Allah bears witness that they are definitely liars.

لَا تَقُمْ فِيهِ أَبَدًا ۚ لَمَسْجِدٌ أُسِّسَ عَلَى التَّقْوَىٰ مِنْ أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَقُومَ فِيهِ ۚ فِيهِ رِجَالٌ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَتَطَهَّرُوا ۚ وَاللَّهُ يُحِبُّ الْمُطَّهِّرِينَ١٠٨

9:108 (O' Believers) Do not stand in that mosque for the Prayer. The mosque that was founded on piety and reverence of Allah from the very first days (Masjid-e-Nabawi) is worthy that you should stand in it for the Prayer. In it are men who love to be purified. Allah loves those who strive to purify themselves.

أَفَمَنْ أَسَّسَ بُنْيَانَهُ عَلَىٰ تَقْوَىٰ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانٍ خَيْرٌ أَمْ مَنْ أَسَّسَ بُنْيَانَهُ عَلَىٰ شَفَا جُرُفٍ هَارٍ فَانْهَارَ بِهِ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ١٠٩

9:109 Then, is one who laid the foundation of his building on righteousness (with fear) from Allah and (seeking) His approval better or one who laid the foundation of his building on the edge of a bank about to collapse, so it collapsed with him into the fire of Hell? And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.

لَا يَزَالُ بُنْيَانُهُمُ الَّذِي بَنَوْا رِيبَةً فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَقَطَّعَ قُلُوبُهُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ١١٠

9:110 The building they have built will constantly keep disturbing their hearts until their hearts are torn to pieces; and Allah is All Knowing, All Wise.

The above verses are related to a mosque built by the Hypocrites. They named it 'Masjid of Dirar'. They were using this mosque as their operation base against the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم). When the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) was busy with the final preparation of the campaign of Tabuk, a group of hypocrites came to him and told that they had built a mosque where the elderly, ill and disabled could pray on rainy and cold nights and asked him to officially open the building for worship by leading the prayer there himself. Since the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) was busy, he said he will look into it after his return from Tabuk. During his return journey from Tabuk, the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) camped at Dhu Awan where these hypocrites came again and wanted to take him to their mosque to lead prayers. On this the above verses about this mosque and the intentions of the hypocrites were revealed. Subsequently, the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) ordered Sahabah to destroy that structure.

إِنَّ اللَّهَ اشْتَرَىٰ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ ۚ يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَيَقْتُلُونَ وَيُقْتَلُونَ ۖ وَعْدًا عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنْجِيلِ وَالْقُرْآنِ ۚ وَمَنْ أَوْفَىٰ بِعَهْدِهِ مِنَ اللَّهِ ۚ فَاسْتَبْشِرُوا بِبَيْعِكُمُ الَّذِي بَايَعْتُمْ بِهِ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ١١١

9:111 Allah has bought from the believers themselves and their wealth because Paradise is for them. They fight in Allah's cause, and they kill or are killed. a promise due thereon in the Torah and in the Gospel and in the Quran. Who could be more faithful to his promise than Allah?   So (O believers) glad tidings to you because of the bargain you have made with Him! This indeed is the big success.

التَّائِبُونَ الْعَابِدُونَ الْحَامِدُونَ السَّائِحُونَ الرَّاكِعُونَ السَّاجِدُونَ الْآمِرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّاهُونَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَالْحَافِظُونَ لِحُدُودِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ١١٢

9:112 Those who repent, those who pray, those who praise, those who fast, those who bow, those who prostrate, those who show right and forbid wrong and those who keep the limits of Allah in sight; and give glad tidings to the believers.

مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِي قُرْبَىٰ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ١١٣

9:113 The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) and the believers may not plead for the forgiveness of the polytheists, even if they were relatives, after it has become apparent to them that they will be the inmates of Hell.

وَمَا كَانَ اسْتِغْفَارُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ إِلَّا عَنْ مَوْعِدَةٍ وَعَدَهَا إِيَّاهُ فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ أَنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ لِلَّهِ تَبَرَّأَ مِنْهُ ۚ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لَأَوَّاهٌ حَلِيمٌ١١٤

9:114 The prayer of Ibrahim (عليه السلام) for forgiveness of (the brother of) his father was only because of a promise he had made to him. But when it became clear to him that he was an enemy of Allah, he  dissociated himself from him. Ibrahim (عليه السلام) was soft at heart and (very much) kind.

وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوْمًا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَاهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يُبَيِّنَ لَهُمْ مَا يَتَّقُونَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ١١٥

9:115 Allah does not let people go astray after guiding them.  He makes clear to them what they should avoid (in order not to go astray). Indeed Allah knows all the things.  

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ ۚ وَمَا لَكُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مِنْ وَلِيٍّ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ١١٦

9:116 Indeed to Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. He alone is the giver of life and death; and none do you have besides Allah as guardian and helper. 

لَقَدْ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ فِي سَاعَةِ الْعُسْرَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا كَادَ يَزِيغُ قُلُوبُ فَرِيقٍ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ إِنَّهُ بِهِمْ رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ١١٧

9:117 Allah was kind to the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم), the emigrants, and the helpers  who followed him in the hour of distress. When a section of them were about to loose courage He turned towards them with Mercy, for He is compassionate and Most Merciful.

وَعَلَى الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ خُلِّفُوا حَتَّىٰ إِذَا ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ وَضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ وَظَنُّوا أَنْ لَا مَلْجَأَ مِنَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ لِيَتُوبُوا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ١١٨

9:118 And (He turned in mercy also) to the three left behind and whose cases had been deferred (because they had not taken part in the campaign of Tabuk), (they were so remorseful that) the earth was too narrow for them despite all its vastness, and their lives were confined, and they came to perceive fully that there is no refuge from Allah except in Him. Then He turned to them in Mercy that they might repent and recover their former state (in Islam). Surely Allah is the One Who truly returns repentance with liberal forgiveness and additional reward. Indeed Allah is All Forgiving, Most Merciful.

The above verses refer to three Sahabah, Ka’b ibn Malik, Hilal ibn Umayya and Marara ibn ar-Rabi (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہم) who had missed Tabuk campaign without a justifiable excuse despite their favorable financial condition and good health. After the return of the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) from Tabuk, the three came to him but the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) told them to leave and wait until Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) reveals His judgment. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) prohibited other Sahabah from speaking or meeting with them and after a while the ban was extended to their wives. They were unable to go out into society and face people because of their shame. They were overtaken by remorse and did not eat or drink anything for days and begged Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) for forgiveness. Finally, after the boycott of 50 days, Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) accepted their repentance and forgave them.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ١١٩

9:119 O believers, be fearful of Allah  and be with those who are truthful.

مَا كَانَ لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُمْ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ أَنْ يَتَخَلَّفُوا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَلَا يَرْغَبُوا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يُصِيبُهُمْ ظَمَأٌ وَلَا نَصَبٌ وَلَا مَخْمَصَةٌ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلَا يَطَئُونَ مَوْطِئًا يَغِيظُ الْكُفَّارَ وَلَا يَنَالُونَ مِنْ عَدُوٍّ نَيْلًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُمْ بِهِ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ١٢٠

9:120 It was not worthy of the people of Madina, and the Nomad Arabs of the desert around them, to abandon the Apostle of Allah (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم), and to care more for themselves than for him; for there is no hardship or thirst or hunger that they know in the service of Allah, and no place they walk on where walking provokes the unbelievers, and no harm they receive from the enemy, but is put down as a good deed for them. Certainly, Allah does not let the recompense of those who do good to go waste.

وَلَا يُنْفِقُونَ نَفَقَةً صَغِيرَةً وَلَا كَبِيرَةً وَلَا يَقْطَعُونَ وَادِيًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُمْ لِيَجْزِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ١٢١

9:121 Nor do they spend any amount for Allah's sake, small or big, nor do they cross a valley (while traveling in Allah's cause), but it is recorded for them so that Allah may repay them the best reward for what they used to do .

وَمَا كَانَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنْفِرُوا كَافَّةً ۚ فَلَوْلَا نَفَرَ مِنْ كُلِّ فِرْقَةٍ مِنْهُمْ طَائِفَةٌ لِيَتَفَقَّهُوا فِي الدِّينِ وَلِيُنْذِرُوا قَوْمَهُمْ إِذَا رَجَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَحْذَرُونَ١٢٢

9:122 Nor should the Believers all go forth together : if a contingent from every expedition remained behind, they could devote themselves to studies in religion, and admonish the people when they return to them, so that they (may learn) to guard themselves (against evil).

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُمْ مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ وَلْيَجِدُوا فِيكُمْ غِلْظَةً ۚ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُتَّقِينَ١٢٣

9:123 O you who believe! Fight against those unbelievers who are in your vicinity (and are threat to you and Islam).  Let them find in you sternness. Know that Allah is with those who are pious and obedient.

وَإِذَا مَا أُنْزِلَتْ سُورَةٌ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ أَيُّكُمْ زَادَتْهُ هَٰذِهِ إِيمَانًا ۚ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَزَادَتْهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَهُمْ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ١٢٤

9:124 Whenever a Surah is sent down, there are some among them (the hypocrites) who say : 'Which of you has this strengthened in his faith?' As for those who believe, it does strengthen them in faith and they rejoice.

وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ فَزَادَتْهُمْ رِجْسًا إِلَىٰ رِجْسِهِمْ وَمَاتُوا وَهُمْ كَافِرُونَ١٢٥

9:125 But as for those in whose hearts there is a sickness, it increases them in foulness added to their foulness, and they die while they are unbelievers.

أَوَلَا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ يُفْتَنُونَ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَا يَتُوبُونَ وَلَا هُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ١٢٦

9:126 Do they not observe that they are tested once or twice every year? Yet they do not repent, nor do they pay attention to any advice!

وَإِذَا مَا أُنْزِلَتْ سُورَةٌ نَظَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَىٰ بَعْضٍ هَلْ يَرَاكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا ۚ صَرَفَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَا يَفْقَهُونَ١٢٧

9:127 Whenever a Surah is sent down (and the Apostle  is reciting it in the presence of the Muslims), they glance at each other (conveying), 'Is there anyone who sees you?' And then they slip away. Allah has turned their hearts away (from the truth) because they are a people who do not understand.

لَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ١٢٨

9:128 Indeed there has come to you an Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) from among you. Your hardship grieves him. (He is) most concerned for your well being. For believers he is  kind and merciful.

فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُلْ حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ ۖ وَهُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ١٢٩

9:129 So, if they turn away (from you O' Prophet ﷺ), tell them: 'Allah is sufficient for me. There is no God but He; I depend upon Him alone, the Lord of the glorious Throne.'

سورة يونس

Yunus

Yunus | Sura # 10 | 109 verses | Makkan

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate and Most Merciful

الر ۚ تِلْكَ آيَاتُ الْكِتَابِ الْحَكِيمِ١

10:1 Alif-Laam-Ra. These are verses of the Book of wisdom (the Quran).

Sura Yunus was revealed in Makka during last years before Prophet's (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) immigration to Madina.

Prophet Yunus (عليه السلام) was sent to the people of Nineveh, the capital of Assyria (present Iraq). Yunus (عليه السلام) asked his men to leave idol worship and turn towards Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ). They denied and called him a liar. When Yunus (عليه السلام) realized that they were adamant, he gave up on them. On Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) commandment, he gave them the news of an impending torment that will envelop them all. His people consulted each other as they knew that Prophet Yunus (عليه السلام) never told them a lie. They decided to watch him. If he leaves the town during the night, surely the torment will come the next day morning. During the night, Prophet Yunus (عليه السلام) left the town. In the morning they saw the traces of the torment. A dark cloud appeared over the sky and covered the town into thick darkness. Looking at the dark cloud, they knew the torment has arrived. They tried to search for Prophet Yunus (عليه السلام), but they did not find him. They left the town along with their families towards forest. They repented for their past sins and testified their belief in Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ). They started weeping and asking for Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) forgiveness. Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) turned towards them with mercy and the torment was lifted.

الر [ Alif-Laam-Ra ] - - 'Alif-Laam-Ra' is known as ‘Solemn Verse' (Ayat-e-Muqatta'at - آیتِ مقطعات).

Fourteen Arabic alphabets have been used, in varied combinations, in 14 ‘Solemn Verses' (Ayaat-e-Muqatta'at - آیاتِ مقطعات) in the form of initials of 29 Chapters (سورة) of holy Quran. Alif-Laam-Ra (الر ) is one of them.

Since Quran is 'Mubeen' (الْمُبِينِ); its description is clear and manifest. The meanings of all the verses of Quran, including 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) are surely known to its principle addressee, ie., Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم). It is also likely that Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) has informed the meanings of these Verses to some of his Sahabah and Awliya Allah.

We believe in whatever is meant by the 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) by Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم).

Since we have been commanded to read the Quran carefully and try to understand the significance of every verse of the Quran, we do ponder over these verses. And when we think, by focusing our attention towards Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) for guidance, it comes to our mind that the 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) are actually the 'Solemn Titles of Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) given by Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) throughout the Quran. Our understanding is based on the fact that Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) has addressed Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) in the Quran by specific names, like Muzzammil (مزمل - O' beloved who covers self in a coverlet), Muddassir (مدثر - O' beloved, who covers self in a bed sheet). With this understanding, it is most likely that Prophet’s (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) other names / titles have been mentioned in Quran by denoting certain initials/alphabets.

أَكَانَ لِلنَّاسِ عَجَبًا أَنْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ أَنْذِرِ النَّاسَ وَبَشِّرِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنَّ لَهُمْ قَدَمَ صِدْقٍ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ ۗ قَالَ الْكَافِرُونَ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَسَاحِرٌ مُبِينٌ٢

10:2 Are the people astonished that an Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم), who is one of them, was commanded by Us to warn them and to give glad tidings to those who believe, that they have a true precedence with their Lord? (Yet) the unbelievers say : 'He is a distinct sorcerer.'

It is important that the teachers should be from the same community and specie. If he is from other specie or community, people will not be able to understand his teachings.

It is in Quran - وَلَوْ جَعَلْنَاهُ مَلَكًا لَّجَعَلْنَاهُ رَجُلًا [ And if We had made him an angel (a prophet), We would have made him (appear as) a man.] (Al-An-aam - 9)

The knowledge and understanding is transferred from heart to heart. It is very difficult to understand the subject matter by reading a book unless you find a teacher who could explain it to you.

What is the meaning of explanation by a teacher? It means that the knowledge is being transferred from heart to heart.

Quran was revealed 'on the heart of Prophet Mohammad' (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم). This fact has been mentioned in the following verse.

It is in Quran - قُلْ مَن كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِّجِبْرِيلَ فَإِنَّهُ نَزَّلَهُ عَلَىٰ قَلْبِكَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَهُدًى وَبُشْرَىٰ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ [ Say, 'Anyone who opposes (angel) Jibreel (عليه السلام) should know that he has brought down this (Quran) into your heart, in accordance with Allah's will, confirming previous scriptures, and providing guidance and good news for the believers.] (Al-Baqara - 97).

When Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) taught Quran to Sahabah, it was heart to heart transfer of Quran which made them strong in Iman.

Deviant sects like Salafis, Wahhabis, Kharijis, and their like minded groups claim that people should read the Quran and the books of Ahadith on their own and act as per their understanding. How is it possible? They claim they do not need any teacher, Shaikh of Ihsan to explain them Quran and Sunnah. They have gone astray and led many along with them away from Islam.

The light of guidance of Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) is received by human beings via the hearts. This is mentioned in the following verse.

It is in Quran - أَفَمَن شَرَحَ اللَّهُ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ فَهُوَ عَلَىٰ نُورٍ مِّن رَّبِّهِ ۚ فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْقَاسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُم مِّن ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ ۚ أُولَـٰئِكَ فِي ضَلَالٍ مُّبِينٍ [ If Allah renders one's heart content with submission, he will be following a light from his Lord. Therefore, woe to those whose hearts are hardened against Allah's message; they have gone far astray.] (Az-Zumar - 22).

People have strange perception. If they do not understand a thing, they brand it to be sorcery. How can you claim it to be sorcery when you do not know the art of sorcery? The sorcerers understand what is sorcery and what is the truth. Like in the case of Musa (عليه السلام), when sorcerers saw the staff of Musa (عليه السلام) swallowing their ropes, they immediately understood the truthfulness of Musa (عليه السلام) and submitted themselves to Allah.

It is in Quran - وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِتَابًا فِي قِرْطَاسٍ فَلَمَسُوهُ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ لَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ هَـٰذَا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ [ And even if We had sent down to you, (O Prophet ﷺ), a written scripture on a page and they touched it with their hands, the disbelievers would say, 'This is not but obvious magic.'] (Al-An-aam - 7)

It is in Quran - وَلَقَدْ ذَرَأْنَا لِجَهَنَّمَ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنْسِ لَهُمْ قُلُوبٌ لَا يَفْقَهُونَ بِهَا وَلَهُمْ أَعْيُنٌ لَا يُبْصِرُونَ بِهَا وَلَهُمْ آَذَانٌ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ بِهَا أُولَئِكَ كَالْأَنْعَامِ بَلْ هُمْ أَضَلُّ أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْغَافِلُونَ [ And indeed We have created many jinns and men for Hell; they have hearts in which there is no understanding; and the eyes they do not see with; and the ears they do not hear with. Those are like livestock; rather, they are more astray. It is they who are the heedless. ] (Al-Araaf - 179)

It is not difficult to distinguish the talk of an Apostle from that of an sorcerer. The sorcerers are great liars. They try to deceive people by their falsehood. A few sittings with them are sufficient to understand that they are purely selfish and their talks are contradictory, only aimed at exploitation of the people. While, in the company of an Apostle, the man changes, gets reformed and becomes a model of high morality and excellent conduct.

إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ ۖ يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ ۖ مَا مِنْ شَفِيعٍ إِلَّا مِنْ بَعْدِ إِذْنِهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ ۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ٣

10:3 Surely your Lord is Allah, Who has created the heavens and the earth in six days, then He established Himself on the Supreme Throne, directing all affairs. There is none to intercede with Allah unless after He grants permission. That is Allah, your Lord, so worship Him. Will you still not reflect and be mindful?

The sun, moon and our earth are part of this Cosmos. A day in our life consists of 24 hours that is calculated from the earth revolving on its axis and around the sun.

Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) says that He created this Cosmos in 6 days. It is difficult to comprehend this period with our limited knowledge and mental ability. May be Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) is referring to the 6 spans or periods known to Him, in which the Cosmos was created.

To establish oneself on the throne means to take control of its creation for its smooth functioning.

What is Arsh? It is a Tajalli, a place within His Cosmos from where all affairs of this Cosmos are being directed. It is important to note that Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) is not confined to His Arsh?

It is in Quran - وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ مُّحِيطًا [And Allah encompasses all the things.] (An-Nisa - 126)

It is in Quran - اللَّهُ نُورُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ [ Allah is the light (existence) of Heavens and Earth.] (An-Noor - 35)

إِلَيْهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ جَمِيعًا ۖ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقًّا ۚ إِنَّهُ يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ لِيَجْزِيَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ بِالْقِسْطِ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَهُمْ شَرَابٌ مِنْ حَمِيمٍ وَعَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ٤

10:4 To Him will you all return.  Allah's promise is true. It is He who originates creation, then will revert it, so that He may reward those who believe and do good things in all justice.  But those who deny the truth will receive boiling water to drink and grievous punishment, for they disbelieved.

هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيَاءً وَالْقَمَرَ نُورًا وَقَدَّرَهُ مَنَازِلَ لِتَعْلَمُوا عَدَدَ السِّنِينَ وَالْحِسَابَ ۚ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ ذَٰلِكَ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ ۚ يُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ٥

10:5 It is He, Who has made the sun a radiant illuminating light, and the moon a light reflected, and has determined its stations, that you might know  the number of the years and to measure (time). Allah has not created that but with truth. He distinctly explains His signs for those who can understand.

People take it casual the radiating sun and moon with all its determined stations in a month. If the sun's radiation at a specific temperature does not reach earth, we all will freeze to death. And if increases its radiation, we will all die of heat and radiation. Similar is the case with moon from which we calculate our time and days. These are the signs of Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) which are essential for our survival on planet earth. With these clear facts, how can someone deny the Almighty or associate partners with Him?

إِنَّ فِي اخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَّقُونَ٦

10:6 In the alternation of night and day, and all that He has created in the heavens and the earth, are certainly signs for people who fear Allah.  

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا وَرَضُوا بِالْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَاطْمَأَنُّوا بِهَا وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ آيَاتِنَا غَافِلُونَ٧

10:7 Indeed those who do not expect to meet Us and have preferred the worldly life and are content with it, and those who neglect Our signs,

أُولَٰئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ٨

10:8 they will have Hell as their abode for what they have earned.

As our existence on the planet Earth is a fact, our Resurrection is also a fact where people will be rewarded or punished as per their deeds. It is a common sense that a person who lived a life of decency under the guidance of the Apostle of Allah (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) and kept himself away from the materialistic greed and lust cannot be equated with a man who lived the life of a rebel, killed people, exploited and tortured fellow human beings. The earlier has to be rewarded for his good deeds and the later has to be punished for his evil deeds. It is the demand of justice that they should be treated differently. Thus, we all will be gathered in front of our Creator on the Day of Judgment and will have to answer for our deeds. This is so manifest to understand. If someone deliberately does not accept these facts, surely he will pay for it in Hereafter.

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ يَهْدِيهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِإِيمَانِهِمْ ۖ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهِمُ الْأَنْهَارُ فِي جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ٩

10:9 As for those who believe and do good deeds, their Lord guides them in their faith.  Rivers will flow beneath them in the Gardens of Bliss (in Paradise).

دَعْوَاهُمْ فِيهَا سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَتَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيهَا سَلَامٌ ۚ وَآخِرُ دَعْوَاهُمْ أَنِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ١٠

10:10 Their invocation will be,  'All glory to you O' Allah', and 'Peace' will be their salutation, and the end of their prayer (will be) : 'All praise be to Allah, the Lord of all the worlds.'

What will be the best, most prominent and repetitive deed of the people of Paradise? It is described in the above verse. While they will be provided with all the comforts of life, they will be busy in invocation of Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) glory. Their salutation to each other will be 'peace be on you'. They will pray in Paradise and their Zikr will be 'All praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds'.

It is in Quran - لِّلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا الْحُسْنَىٰ وَزِيَادَةٌ ۖ وَلَا يَرْهَقُ وُجُوهَهُمْ قَتَرٌ وَلَا ذِلَّةٌ ۚ أُولَـٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ [ For those who have done good is the best (reward - Paradise) and even more ( having the honor of glancing at the Countenance of Allah. Neither darkness nor dust nor any humiliating disgrace shall cover their faces. They are the dwellers of Paradise, they will abide therein forever.] (Yunus - 26).

It is in Hadith - It is narrated by Jaber (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ) who narrates it from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) that the People of Heaven (Paradise) will be busy in their delights and suddenly a divine light will glitter over them. They will raise their heads to find that their Lord is manifested on them saying ‘Peace be upon you O’ People of Heaven’. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) said, this is the exegesis of the verse "سَلَامٌ قَوْلًا مِّن رَّبٍّ رَّحِيمٍ" ( Yasin - 58 ). The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) said ‘ The Sustainer looks at them, they see their Sustainer; and they do not look at any of the graceful things provided to them as long as they are seeing their Sustainer, until their Sustainer gets back into the veil. And the traces of His Light will remain on them. (Tirmidhi, Mishkaath).

وَلَوْ يُعَجِّلُ اللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّرَّ اسْتِعْجَالَهُمْ بِالْخَيْرِ لَقُضِيَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَجَلُهُمْ ۖ فَنَذَرُ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا فِي طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ١١

10:11 And if Allah was to hasten for the people the evil (they invoke) as He hastens for them the good, their term would have been ended for them. But We leave the ones who do not expect the meeting with Us, in their transgression, wandering blindly.

وَإِذَا مَسَّ الْإِنْسَانَ الضُّرُّ دَعَانَا لِجَنْبِهِ أَوْ قَاعِدًا أَوْ قَائِمًا فَلَمَّا كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُ ضُرَّهُ مَرَّ كَأَنْ لَمْ يَدْعُنَا إِلَىٰ ضُرٍّ مَسَّهُ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ زُيِّنَ لِلْمُسْرِفِينَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ١٢

10:12 And when affliction touches man, he calls upon Us, whether lying on his side or sitting or standing; but when We remove from him his affliction, he continues (in disobedience) as if he had never called upon Us to (remove) the affliction that touched him. The deeds of the transgressors appear good to them.

وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا الْقُرُونَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَمَّا ظَلَمُوا ۙ وَجَاءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَمَا كَانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِي الْقَوْمَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ١٣

10:13 And indeed We destroyed several generations before you when they crossed the limits. Their respective  Apostles came to them with clear proofs, but they were not the ones who would believe; this is how We punish the guilty.

ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكُمْ خَلَائِفَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ لِنَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ١٤

10:14 Then We made you successors after them on the earth, so that We might watch how you act.

وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ ۙ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا ائْتِ بِقُرْآنٍ غَيْرِ هَٰذَا أَوْ بَدِّلْهُ ۚ قُلْ مَا يَكُونُ لِي أَنْ أُبَدِّلَهُ مِنْ تِلْقَاءِ نَفْسِي ۖ إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ إِلَّا مَا يُوحَىٰ إِلَيَّ ۖ إِنِّي أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّي عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ١٥

10:15 When Our clear messages are recited to them, those who do not hope to meet Us, say : 'Bring a different Quran, or make amendments to this one.'  Say : 'It is not for me to change it at my will. I follow  what is revealed to me.  If I were to disobey my Lord I would myself fear the penalty of a Great Day.'

The problem with the people, in general is, they want to accept certain commandments and reject the others. This has been the scenario right from the beginning.

During Prophet's (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) time, the Makkan pagans thought that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) is writing the Quran on his own and presenting it to people saying that it is from Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ). Thus, they asked him to edit or rewrite or bring a different Quran in which there should be a compromise between him and them. They should be allowed to continue their age old practices in some way or other at the same time they should have share of paradise in Hereafter. This amended Quran was necessary for them because they cannot accept the moralistic values taught by Islam in toto.

In reply to their above demand the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) said, I have no authority in making any alterations because I am not the author and Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) is the one who is sending it to me. There cannot be any compromise in it. 'Accept it in full or reject it, it is your choice.'

قُلْ لَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مَا تَلَوْتُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا أَدْرَاكُمْ بِهِ ۖ فَقَدْ لَبِثْتُ فِيكُمْ عُمُرًا مِنْ قَبْلِهِ ۚ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ١٦

10:16 Say, 'If Allah had willed, I would not have recited it to you, nor would He have made it known to you, for I had remained among you a lifetime before it.  How can you not use your reason?'

Prophet's (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) life in Makka was an open book for the people. He was famous as honest among men. No one taught him reading or writing. Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) was his teacher who taught him everything. Thus, it is evident that Quran could not have been written by him. It is divinely sent for the benefit of mankind. If they had used their reasoning, they would have realized these facts.

فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَىٰ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوْ كَذَّبَ بِآيَاتِهِ ۚ إِنَّهُ لَا يُفْلِحُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ١٧

10:17 So who is more unjust than he who invents a lie about Allah or denies His signs? Indeed, the criminals will not succeed.

وَيَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَضُرُّهُمْ وَلَا يَنْفَعُهُمْ وَيَقُولُونَ هَٰؤُلَاءِ شُفَعَاؤُنَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ ۚ قُلْ أَتُنَبِّئُونَ اللَّهَ بِمَا لَا يَعْلَمُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَلَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ١٨

10:18 They worship those besides Allah who cannot do them harm or bring them gain, and say : 'These are our intercessors with Allah.' Say : 'Do you want to claim the things which do not exist in the Heavens and Earth.' Glorious is He, and exalted for what they associate with Him!

وَمَا كَانَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً فَاخْتَلَفُوا ۚ وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِنْ رَبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ فِيمَا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ١٩

10:19 Mankind was a single community; then they differed. Were it not for a prior decree from your Lord, the matters over which they had disputed would have been settled.

وَيَقُولُونَ لَوْلَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ ۖ فَقُلْ إِنَّمَا الْغَيْبُ لِلَّهِ فَانْتَظِرُوا إِنِّي مَعَكُمْ مِنَ الْمُنْتَظِرِينَ٢٠

10:20 And they say, 'If only a miracle was sent down to him from his Lord.' Say, 'The realm of the unseen belongs to Allah; so wait, I shall be waiting with you.'

وَإِذَا أَذَقْنَا النَّاسَ رَحْمَةً مِنْ بَعْدِ ضَرَّاءَ مَسَّتْهُمْ إِذَا لَهُمْ مَكْرٌ فِي آيَاتِنَا ۚ قُلِ اللَّهُ أَسْرَعُ مَكْرًا ۚ إِنَّ رُسُلَنَا يَكْتُبُونَ مَا تَمْكُرُونَ٢١

10:21 And when We give the people a taste of Our Mercy after the adversity has touched them, they start conspiring against Our verses. Say, 'Allah is swift in punishing the conspirators.'  Indeed, Our messengers (angels) record all that you conspire.

هُوَ الَّذِي يُسَيِّرُكُمْ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا كُنْتُمْ فِي الْفُلْكِ وَجَرَيْنَ بِهِمْ بِرِيحٍ طَيِّبَةٍ وَفَرِحُوا بِهَا جَاءَتْهَا رِيحٌ عَاصِفٌ وَجَاءَهُمُ الْمَوْجُ مِنْ كُلِّ مَكَانٍ وَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ أُحِيطَ بِهِمْ ۙ دَعَوُا اللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ لَئِنْ أَنْجَيْتَنَا مِنْ هَٰذِهِ لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ٢٢

10:22 It is He who enables you to travel over the land and sea. When you sail in ships in a favorable breeze, you rejoice. But when a gale begins to blow and the waves dash against them from every side they realize that they have been caught in it, (and) they call on Allah in all faith : 'If You save us from this we shall ever be grateful.'

فَلَمَّا أَنْجَاهُمْ إِذَا هُمْ يَبْغُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ ۗ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّمَا بَغْيُكُمْ عَلَىٰ أَنْفُسِكُمْ ۖ مَتَاعَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا ۖ ثُمَّ إِلَيْنَا مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَنُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ٢٣

10:23 But when He rescues them, they commit unjust excesses in the land again. Your rebellion, O' people, shall recoil back on your own selves. The joys of the world (are temporary) : You have to come back to Us in the end. We shall then inform you what you were doing.

إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا كَمَاءٍ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَاخْتَلَطَ بِهِ نَبَاتُ الْأَرْضِ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ النَّاسُ وَالْأَنْعَامُ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا أَخَذَتِ الْأَرْضُ زُخْرُفَهَا وَازَّيَّنَتْ وَظَنَّ أَهْلُهَا أَنَّهُمْ قَادِرُونَ عَلَيْهَا أَتَاهَا أَمْرُنَا لَيْلًا أَوْ نَهَارًا فَجَعَلْنَاهَا حَصِيدًا كَأَنْ لَمْ تَغْنَ بِالْأَمْسِ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ٢٤

10:24 The parable of the life of this world is that of water which We send down from the sky. It mingles with the earth’s vegetation from which humans and cattle eat. When the earth puts on its luster and is adorned, and its inhabitants think they have power over it, Our edict comes to it, by night or day, whereat We turn it into a stubble field, as if it did not flourish the day before. Thus  We elaborate the signs for a people who reflect.

وَاللَّهُ يَدْعُو إِلَىٰ دَارِ السَّلَامِ وَيَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ إِلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ٢٥

10:25 And Allah invites to the Abode of Peace  and He guides whomever He wills to a Straight Path.

لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا الْحُسْنَىٰ وَزِيَادَةٌ ۖ وَلَا يَرْهَقُ وُجُوهَهُمْ قَتَرٌ وَلَا ذِلَّةٌ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ٢٦

10:26 For them who have done good is the best (reward) and extra. No darkness will cover their faces, nor humiliation. Those are companions of Paradise; they will abide therein eternally.

وَالَّذِينَ كَسَبُوا السَّيِّئَاتِ جَزَاءُ سَيِّئَةٍ بِمِثْلِهَا وَتَرْهَقُهُمْ ذِلَّةٌ ۖ مَا لَهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ عَاصِمٍ ۖ كَأَنَّمَا أُغْشِيَتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ قِطَعًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ مُظْلِمًا ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ٢٧

10:27 But those who earn evil shall be punished to an equal degree as their evil, and they will be covered with shame, and will have none to protect them other than Allah : Their faces shall be blackened as though with patches of the night. They are the people of Hell, where they will abide for ever,

وَيَوْمَ نَحْشُرُهُمْ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ نَقُولُ لِلَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا مَكَانَكُمْ أَنْتُمْ وَشُرَكَاؤُكُمْ ۚ فَزَيَّلْنَا بَيْنَهُمْ ۖ وَقَالَ شُرَكَاؤُهُمْ مَا كُنْتُمْ إِيَّانَا تَعْبُدُونَ٢٨

10:28 On the day when We gather them all together, We shall say to those who ascribe partners (to Allah), ‘Stay where you are, you and your partners!’ Then We shall set them apart from one another, and their partners will say, ‘It was not us that you worshiped.

فَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ إِنْ كُنَّا عَنْ عِبَادَتِكُمْ لَغَافِلِينَ٢٩

10:29 Allah is sufficient as a witness between us and you.  We were indeed unaware of your worship.

هُنَالِكَ تَبْلُو كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَا أَسْلَفَتْ ۚ وَرُدُّوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مَوْلَاهُمُ الْحَقِّ ۖ وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ٣٠

10:30 Then everyone will see what he had done in the past; and they will turn to Allah, their true Lord, and all the lies they had fabricated will be of no avail to them.

In every era and time frame, people belonging to different parts of the world have been worshiping different idols. Their shapes and their names are different. They also develop theories about these Idol gods. These idol gods keep on changing within the community over a period of time as, certain new idols are added to their existing idols. Some devils get associated with these idols over a period of time and this practice continues unabated. Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) says that all these idols/shapes and the devils associated with them will be gathered in front of their worshipers on the day of Judgment and they will be questioned. In the end, the lies fabricated by the idol worshipers will not help them. The idol worshipers along with their idols and the devils associated with them all together will then be consigned to Hell.

قُلْ مَنْ يَرْزُقُكُمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَمَّنْ يَمْلِكُ السَّمْعَ وَالْأَبْصَارَ وَمَنْ يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَيُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ وَمَنْ يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ ۚ فَسَيَقُولُونَ اللَّهُ ۚ فَقُلْ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ٣١

10:31 Ask them (O' Prophet ﷺ), 'Who is it that provides for you from heaven and earth, or Who is it that possesses full power over (your) hearing and eyes, or Who is it that brings forth the living from the dead and brings forth the dead from the living, and Who directs the whole affair (of this universe)?' They will say, 'It is Allah.' Then, tell them 'Will you not then keep your duty to him in reverence for Him and in fear of His punishment?'

فَذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمُ الْحَقُّ ۖ فَمَاذَا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا الضَّلَالُ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُصْرَفُونَ٣٢

10:32 So such is Allah, your True Lord; therefore what remains after the truth, except error? So where are you reverting?

كَذَٰلِكَ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ فَسَقُوا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ٣٣

10:33 Thus the word of your Lord about those who disobey comes true, that they do not believe.

قُلْ هَلْ مِنْ شُرَكَائِكُمْ مَنْ يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ ۚ قُلِ اللَّهُ يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُؤْفَكُونَ٣٤

10:34 Say, ‘is there anyone among your (so called) partners (with Allah) who originates the creation and then brings it back?’ Say, ‘Allah originates the creation, then He will bring it back.’ Then where do you stray?

To originate the creation means to bring them into existence. To bring them back means, all people will be resurrected on the day of resurrection and will be brought in front of their Lord to answer for their deeds.

قُلْ هَلْ مِنْ شُرَكَائِكُمْ مَنْ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ ۚ قُلِ اللَّهُ يَهْدِي لِلْحَقِّ ۗ أَفَمَنْ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ أَحَقُّ أَنْ يُتَّبَعَ أَمَّنْ لَا يَهِدِّي إِلَّا أَنْ يُهْدَىٰ ۖ فَمَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ٣٥

10:35 Say : 'Is there any of your (so-called) associates (of Allah) who guides to the truth?' Say : Allah alone guides to the truth. Who is then worthy to be followed?  He Who guides to the truth or he who cannot find the true way unless he is guided? What, then, is the matter with you, and how do you judge (so wrong)?

وَمَا يَتَّبِعُ أَكْثَرُهُمْ إِلَّا ظَنًّا ۚ إِنَّ الظَّنَّ لَا يُغْنِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ شَيْئًا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ٣٦

10:36 Many of them follow nothing but conjecture; yet conjecture cannot replace the truth. Allah verily knows what they do.

وَمَا كَانَ هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنُ أَنْ يُفْتَرَىٰ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنْ تَصْدِيقَ الَّذِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَتَفْصِيلَ الْكِتَابِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ٣٧

10:37 And this Quran is not such that anyone can compose it without Allah revealing it. It surely is a confirmation of the Books preceding it and is an explanation of all that is written on the (preserved) tablet, there is no doubt in it, it is from the Lord Of worlds.

أَمْ يَقُولُونَ افْتَرَاهُ ۖ قُلْ فَأْتُوا بِسُورَةٍ مِثْلِهِ وَادْعُوا مَنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ٣٨

10:38 What! They dare say that '(the Prophet ﷺ) has fabricated it?' Tell them, 'then bring one chapter like it and, other than Allah, call everyone you can if you are truthful.'

بَلْ كَذَّبُوا بِمَا لَمْ يُحِيطُوا بِعِلْمِهِ وَلَمَّا يَأْتِهِمْ تَأْوِيلُهُ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كَذَّبَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ ۖ فَانْظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الظَّالِمِينَ٣٩

10:39 Indeed, they deny something whose knowledge they do not comprehend, and whose explanation has not yet come to them. Those who were before them denied likewise. So look how was the fate of the wrongdoers!

وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُؤْمِنُ بِهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَا يُؤْمِنُ بِهِ ۚ وَرَبُّكَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُفْسِدِينَ٤٠

10:40 Some of them will believe in it, some will not. Your Lord knows the transgressors well.

وَإِنْ كَذَّبُوكَ فَقُلْ لِي عَمَلِي وَلَكُمْ عَمَلُكُمْ ۖ أَنْتُمْ بَرِيئُونَ مِمَّا أَعْمَلُ وَأَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ٤١

10:41 If they (still) deny you, tell them : 'For me my actions, for you yours. You are not answerable for my deeds, nor I for what you do.'

وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْتَمِعُونَ إِلَيْكَ ۚ أَفَأَنْتَ تُسْمِعُ الصُّمَّ وَلَوْ كَانُوا لَا يَعْقِلُونَ٤٢

10:42 And among them are those who (come to your audience) to listen. But can you make the deaf hear, since they will not use reason?

وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكَ ۚ أَفَأَنْتَ تَهْدِي الْعُمْيَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا لَا يُبْصِرُونَ٤٣

10:43 Some of them look towards you. But can you show the blind the way when he lacks the power of (in)sight? 

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ النَّاسَ شَيْئًا وَلَٰكِنَّ النَّاسَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ٤٤

10:44 Surely Allah does not wrong anyone; they wrong themselves. 

وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ كَأَنْ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا إِلَّا سَاعَةً مِنَ النَّهَارِ يَتَعَارَفُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِلِقَاءِ اللَّهِ وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ٤٥

10:45 The day He will gather them together it will appear to them that they had lived (in the world) but an hour of a day to make each other's acquaintance. Verily those who deny the meeting with Allah will be lost, and not find the way.

وَإِمَّا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعْضَ الَّذِي نَعِدُهُمْ أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَإِلَيْنَا مَرْجِعُهُمْ ثُمَّ اللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ عَلَىٰ مَا يَفْعَلُونَ٤٦

10:46 (O' Prophet ﷺ) Whether We show you some of the promise (of punishment) for them (during your lifetime), or we call you to Us, (before the punishment strikes them) their returning is to Us in the end; and Allah is a witness to all they do.

وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَسُولٌ ۖ فَإِذَا جَاءَ رَسُولُهُمْ قُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ٤٧

10:47 Every community has its Apostle. When their Apostle comes, (some believe in him and others deny) and it is judged between them with absolute justice, and they are not wronged.

وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَىٰ هَٰذَا الْوَعْدُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ٤٨

10:48 They say, 'When is this promise (of punishment) will come, if what you say is true?'

قُلْ لَا أَمْلِكُ لِنَفْسِي ضَرًّا وَلَا نَفْعًا إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ۗ لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلٌ ۚ إِذَا جَاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ فَلَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً ۖ وَلَا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ٤٩

10:49 Say, 'I have no autonomy to benefit or hurt myself, except what Allah wills; for every nation is a fixed promise; when their promise comes, they cannot postpone it nor can they advance it one moment.'

قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَتَاكُمْ عَذَابُهُ بَيَاتًا أَوْ نَهَارًا مَاذَا يَسْتَعْجِلُ مِنْهُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ٥٠

10:50 Tell them : 'Did you consider (what you would do) were His torment to fall upon you suddenly by night or by day? So why are the culprits seeking to hasten its coming?

أَثُمَّ إِذَا مَا وَقَعَ آمَنْتُمْ بِهِ ۚ آلْآنَ وَقَدْ كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ٥١

10:51 'So will you believe it only when it has occurred?'  Indeed, you will believe it then. How impatient you were to hasten it!

ثُمَّ قِيلَ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا ذُوقُوا عَذَابَ الْخُلْدِ هَلْ تُجْزَوْنَ إِلَّا بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْسِبُونَ٥٢

10:52 Then it will be said to those who had wronged, 'Taste the punishment of eternity. Are you being recompensed except for what you used to earn?'

وَيَسْتَنْبِئُونَكَ أَحَقٌّ هُوَ ۖ قُلْ إِي وَرَبِّي إِنَّهُ لَحَقٌّ ۖ وَمَا أَنْتُمْ بِمُعْجِزِينَ٥٣

10:53 They ask you, 'Is it (the promise of punishment) true?' Say,  'Yes, by my Lord, it is surely true; and you cannot evade it.

وَلَوْ أَنَّ لِكُلِّ نَفْسٍ ظَلَمَتْ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ لَافْتَدَتْ بِهِ ۗ وَأَسَرُّوا النَّدَامَةَ لَمَّا رَأَوُا الْعَذَابَ ۖ وَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ ۚ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ٥٤

10:54 Even if every person who has sinned, possessed whatever is on the earth, it would surely offer it to ransom itself (from punishment), and feel repentant on seeing the punishment. Yet the sentence would be passed with justice, and not one will be wronged.

أَلَا إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۗ أَلَا إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ٥٥

10:55 For all that is in the heavens and the earth belongs to Allah. Remember, the promise of Allah is true. But most of them do not know.

هُوَ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ وَإِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ٥٦

10:56 He is the giver of life and death, and to Him you will return.

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَاءَتْكُمْ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَشِفَاءٌ لِمَا فِي الصُّدُورِ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ٥٧

10:57 O mankind! There has certainly come to you an advice from your Lord, and a cure for what is in the breasts, and a guidance and mercy for the believer.

قُلْ بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَبِرَحْمَتِهِ فَبِذَٰلِكَ فَلْيَفْرَحُوا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا يَجْمَعُونَ٥٨

10:58 Say,  'It is the blessing and mercy of Allah; so rejoice in it. That is better than (the worldly riches) they amass.'

Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) is commanding us to rejoice on the Advice of Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) through Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم). Thus, the advent of Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) is not only mercy on us human beings, he is mercy on all the world.

It is in Quran – وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِّلْعَالَمِينَ [ (O’ Prophet ﷺ) ‘We have not sent you except for the Mercy upon all worlds (in the cosmos).] (Al-Anbiya – 107).

Thus the birth of Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) is a joyous moment for the entire mankind, because through him we came to know about our Creator.

It is in Quran - هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَى وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَكَفَى بِاللهِ شَهِيدًا [ It is He Who has sent His Apostle - صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم with the guidance and the true religion, in order to make it prevail over all other religions; and Allah is sufficient as a Witness.] (Al-Fatha - 28)

Thus, celebration of the birth of Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم), is mandatory on all of us as a show gratitude and happiness towards Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ), for His favor on humanity by sending His Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) as mercy for all the worlds.

قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُمْ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ مِنْ رِزْقٍ فَجَعَلْتُمْ مِنْهُ حَرَامًا وَحَلَالًا قُلْ آللَّهُ أَذِنَ لَكُمْ ۖ أَمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَفْتَرُونَ٥٩

10:59 Say, 'Have you thought of what Allah has sent you for food, of which you have labelled some as lawful and some unlawful? Ask, 'Has Allah commanded this, or you are fabricating lies against Allah?' '

وَمَا ظَنُّ الَّذِينَ يَفْتَرُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَشْكُرُونَ٦٠

10:60 What do those who falsely attribute (their own fabrications) to Allah think what will be (their situation) on the Day of Resurrection?  Indeed Allah is gracious to mankind, but most of them are ungrateful.

وَمَا تَكُونُ فِي شَأْنٍ وَمَا تَتْلُو مِنْهُ مِنْ قُرْآنٍ وَلَا تَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ عَمَلٍ إِلَّا كُنَّا عَلَيْكُمْ شُهُودًا إِذْ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ ۚ وَمَا يَعْزُبُ عَنْ رَبِّكَ مِنْ مِثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي السَّمَاءِ وَلَا أَصْغَرَ مِنْ ذَٰلِكَ وَلَا أَكْبَرَ إِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ مُبِينٍ٦١

10:61 There is no state you are in, whether reciting from the Quran (to people), or doing something else, but We are watching you as you are engaged in it. There is not the weight of an atom on the earth and in the heavens that is hidden from your Lord, nor is there anything smaller or greater than this but is recorded in the Manifest Book.

أَلَا إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ٦٢

10:62 Know well that the friends of Allah will have no fear (in both the worlds), nor will they grieve.

الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَكَانُوا يَتَّقُونَ٦٣

10:63 They are those who believe and are pious.

Awliya Allah are the true 'Sawad al-Azam' ( سواد الاعظم ),about whom the Quran commands us as follows.

It is in Quran - اهْدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ - صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ [ (O'our Lord) Lead us to the straight path. The path of those on whom you have awarded your bestowal; and not the path of those who have been subjected to Your Wrath and the path of those who have gone astray.] (Fatiha - 6-7)

The above Quranic verses confirm that only the path of Sawad al-Azam (the path Sahabah and Awliya Allah) is the right path of Islam. All the other paths are deviated and the people who are following those paths have gone astray who will be subjected to Allah's wrath in this world and in Hereafter.

SAWAD AL-AZAM ( سواد الاعظم )

Some people translate Arabic term 'Sawad al-Azam' (سواد الاعظم) as 'large Group, or the group of large number of Muslims. This translation has contributed a lot of confusion in Muslim Ummah.

Every Muslim sect claims that they are 'Ahle Sunnah wal Jama'a' and Sawad al-Azam and Naji Group (those who will get salvation on the Day of Judgement). Even the hard core Salafis, who are well known Kharijis and worshipers of huge Sky Idol God, also claim that they are Muslims and Ahle Hadith, therefore, are the largest group and are on the right path of Islam. This misleading claim has put millions of people on the way that leads them to only one place - the Eternal Hell Fire.

It is in Hadith - Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) said : Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) will never let my Ummah agree upon misguidance and the hand of Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) is over the group (Awliya Allah), so follow Sawad al-Azam' ( سواد الاعظم ) (the Pious or Great Group of Believers - Awliya Allah/Sufi Shuyookh) and whoever dissents from them departs to hell". (Tirmidhi 4/2167; Hakim 1/116 - Dhahabi agreed with him)

The Arabic word 'Azam' ( اعظم ) is generally used to describe 'the greatness / importance of a person or group', rather than 'the large number of people in a Group. Like we say Imam al-Azam ( امام الاعظم ) or Ghawth al-Azam ( غوث الاعظم ), or Wazir al-Azam ( وزىر الاعظم ). In this context, when we look at the wordings of the Hadith, it says 'Sawad al-Azam' ( سواد الاعظم ); meaning the most important or prominent group, which need not be the largest group.

As all individuals of the largest group may not necessary be pious believers, then how can we follow a group which is a mix of (i) Deviants, (ii) Absolute wrongdoers (fasiqeen), (iii) Average wrongdoers and (iii) believers?

For following a Group, all members of the group should be pious. Therefore, in 'Sawad al-Azam' category only Awliya Allah qualify to be followed, because they are on the right path of Islam.

We are not talking here about 'fake Sufi babas' and 'illiterate peers' who hunt needy people and run their 'spiritual shops' to make a fast buck.

Some people may argue that some very famous Scholars of Islam have translated the Arabic term 'Sawad al-Azam' ( سواد الاعظم ) as Ahle Sunnah Wal Jama’a.

Indeed, the scholars and Imams were right in translating the term that way because the real Ahle Sunnah Wal Jama’a are only the Awliya Allah. By following their foot steps others can also try to become true Ahle Sunnah.

Thus ‘Sawad al-Azam’ are only Awliya Allah / Sufi Shuyookh of Ihsan, and those who follow their foot steps sincerely.

Sufi Shuyookh walk on the path of Ihsan. Allah ( عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ) provides them vision and understanding with which they can see the facts of things. They are pious and knowledgeable. They help in purification of minds of the people (tazkia nafs), correct people’s notions, educate them about the inner values and significance of Islam and draw their attention towards Divine signs and secrets in the cosmos. They follow Prophet Mohammad’s (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) foot steps in propagation of Islamic teachings.

It is in Hadith - Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) said : He who deviates from 'Sawad al-Azam' ( سواد الاعظم ), even as much as a hand span, has himself cut off his connection with Islam”. (Abu Dawood)

It is in Hadith - Abdullah ibn Masood (رضئ الله تعالی عنه) reported that once Allah's Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) drew a line in the dust with his hand and said, "This is the straight path of Allah." Then he drew a series of lines to the right of it and to the left and said, "Each of these paths has a devil at its head inviting people to it." He then recited وَأَنَّ هَـٰذَا صِرَاطِي مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ ۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا السُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمْ عَن سَبِيلِهِ ۚ (Al-An'aam - 153). "Verily this is my straight path so follow it and do not follow the (twisted) paths, for you will be separated from His (Allah's) way." (Ahmad, Nasai, Darimi; Mishkat, etc.)

CATEGORIES OF AWLIYA ALLAH

There are certain big categories of Sufi Shuyookh / Awliya Allah who are known as al-Aqtaab and al-Abdaal. The biggest among them is known as al-Ghawth.

Look at the following Ahadith that confirm the existence of Sufi shuyookh in the World all the time, till Qiyamah.

(i) It is in Hadith - Tabarani wrote in his Mu'jam al-Awsat that Anas (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ) said that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) said : "The earth will never lack forty men similar to the Friend of the Merciful (Prophet Ibrahim - علیھ السلا م) and through them people receive rain and are given help. None of them dies except Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) substitutes (Abdaal) another in his place."

The above Hadith confirms the existence of Abdaal (and of course other categories of Sufi Shuyookh) all the time in the world, till Qiyamah.

Commenting on the above Hadith, Qatada said : "We do not doubt that Hasan al-Basri is one of them (abdaal)."

Ibn Hibban also narrated this Hadith in at-Tarikh through Abu Hurayra (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ) as : "The earth will never lack forty men similar to Ibrahim (علیھ السلا م) the Friend of the Merciful ( ابراهيم خليل الله ), and through whom you are helped, receive your sustenance, and receive rain."

(ii) It is in Hadith -It is reported that Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) once said after the Salah : 'O' people! Listen to this, understand it and know it. Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) has servants who are neither prophets nor martyrs and whom they prophets and martyrs yearn to be like, due to their seat and proximity in relation to Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ). One of the Bedouin Arabs who came from among the most isolated of people twisted his hand towards the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) and said : O' Apostle of Allah (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم)! People from humankind who are neither prophets nor martyrs and yet the prophets and martyrs yearn to be like them due to their seat and proximity in relation to Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ)! Describe them for us!"

'The Prophet's (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) face showed delight at the Bedouin's question and he said : "They are of the strangers from this and that place. They frequent this or that tribe without belonging to them. They do not have family connections among themselves. They love one another for Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) sake. They are of pure intent towards one another. On the Day of Resurrection Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) will place for them pedestals of light upon which He will make them sit and He will turn their faces and clothes into light. On the Day of Resurrection, the people will be terrified but not those. They are Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) Friends (Awliya), upon whom fear comes not, nor do they grieve".

References The above Hadith is related through several chains by (a) Abu Dawood, (b) Ahmad, (c) Baghawi in Sharh al-Sunna, (d) Hakim in the Mustadrak, (e) Ibn 'Asakir, (f) Ibn Abi al-Dunya in Kitab al-Ikhwan, (g) Ibn Jarir al-Tabari, (h) Ibn Abi Hatim, (i) Ibn Mardawayh, and others. (j) Haythami in Majma'al-Zawa'id says: 'Ahmad relates it, and (k) Tabrani relates something similar, and the men in its chain of transmission have been declared trustworthy".

(iii) It is in Hadith - Imam Ahmad narrated a Hadith in his Musnad (5:322) through Ibn Ata (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ): The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) said: "The Substitutes (Abdaal) in this Community are thirty like Ibrahim (علیھ السلا م) the Friend of the Merciful ( ابراهيم خليل الله ). Every time one of them dies, Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) substitutes another one in his place."

References - Tirmidhi cites the above Hadith in Nawadir al-Usul and Imam Ahmad's student, Al-Khallal has mentioned this Hadith in his book Karamat al-Awliya'.

(iv) It is in Hadith - narrated by Anas (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ). The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) said: "The similitude of my Community (Ummah) is as the rain: it is not known whether its greater good lies in its beginning or in its ending".

References - The above Hadith is in Sunan (book of Amthal), Ibn Hibban in his Sahih from `Ammar ibn Yasir (#2307), Ahmad in his Musnad in several places (cf. 3:143, 4:319), Baghawi in Sharh al-Sunna (1:405), Tabarani in his Kabir, Ibn Kathir in his Tafsir (7:493), al-Khatib in Tarikh Baghdad (11:114), Abu Ya`la, al-Daraqutni, al-Bazzar, and Ibn `Abd al-Barr".

(v) It is in Hadith - Narrated by Abu Hurayra (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ) "The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) came to the graveyard and said: "Peace be upon you, O' abode of a people of believers! We shall certainly join you, if Allah (سبحانہ و تعا لی) wills. How I long to see my brothers! "They said: "O' Apostle of Allah (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم), are we not your brothers?" He replied: "You are my Companions! As for my brothers, they are those who have not yet appeared." They said: "How will you recognize those of your Community who had not yet appeared (in your time) O'Apostle of Allah (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم)?" He replied: "Suppose a man had horses with shiny white marks on their foreheads and legs: would he not recognize them among other horses which are all black?" They said: "Yes O' Apostle of Allah (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم)!" He continued: "Verily, they (my brothers) shall be coming with shiny bright foreheads and limbs in view of their ablutions, and I shall precede them to my Pond." (Muslim, Nasa'i, Malik, and Ahmad).

(vi) It is in Hadith - Narrated Abu Hurayra (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ) : The Prophet ( صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) said - ان الله يبعث لهذه الامة على رأس كلّ مائة سنة من يجدد لها دينها (Surely, Allah will send for this Ummah at the advent of every one hundred years a person who will revive its religion.” (Abu Dawood, Vol 4, Hadith # 4291)

The above Hadith is also mentioned by Hakim in his Mustadrak; Bayhaqi in Al-Ma'rifah and Al-Mudkhal; Suyuti in al-Jame' al-Sagheer; Hasan bin Sufyan and Bazar both in their Musnads, Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, Ibn 'Adee in his Kamil and Abu-Nu'aym in his al-Hil'ya.)

Above Ahadith and Quranic verse confirm the following facts.

(a) Sufi Shaikhs / Awliya Allah will be there in the world all the time till Qiyamah. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) also indicated that some of the latter day Sufi Shuyookh may achieve higher ranks as compared to their predecessors. These Ahadith nail the lies of Salafis and their like minded groups who claim that there is no real Sufi Shuyookh.

(b) The Ahadith emphasize that Awliya Allah are 'Living" after their death. Prophet's (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) has conveyed 'Salaam' on them and his love and affection for them as he calls them 'his brothers', testifies their "Living status after their death."

(c) When there is no Wali Allah/Sufi Shaikh in the world, Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) may call it a day and Youmul Qiyama (the end of this world) will happen. Because it is in Hadith (mentioned above) that people of the world are getting sustenance because of Awliya Allah's presence in the world.

Awliya Allah are chosen people. They inherit their knowledge, stations, and states from Prophets.

It is in Hadith - “Whoever takes a Wali of Mine an enemy, I will wage war on him; and My slave will not perform any act with which he draws closer to Me, more beloved to Me then when he fulfills what I have ordained on him; and My salve will keep drawing closer to Me by performing the Nawafil (voluntary acts of worship) until I love him, and when I love him, I will be his hearing with which he hears, his sight with which he sees, his hands with which he strikes, and his legs with which he walks; and if he asks Me, I will give him; and if he seeks refuge with Me, I will grant him refuge” (Bukhari).

The emphasis on "Wali of mine" in the above Hadith shows that this human being is the chosen one.

لَهُمُ الْبُشْرَىٰ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ ۚ لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِكَلِمَاتِ اللَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ٦٤

10:64 There are good tidings for them in the life of this world and in the Hereafter; the Words of Allah cannot change; this is the supreme success.

وَلَا يَحْزُنْكَ قَوْلُهُمْ ۘ إِنَّ الْعِزَّةَ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعًا ۚ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ٦٥

10:65 Do not let their sayings grieve you (O' Prophet  ﷺ). Might and Glory belong to Allah.  He is All Hearing,  All Knowing.

أَلَا إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۗ وَمَا يَتَّبِعُ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ شُرَكَاءَ ۚ إِنْ يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا الظَّنَّ وَإِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَخْرُصُونَ٦٦

10:66 Look! To Allah indeed belongs whoever is in the heavens and whoever is on the earth. What do they pursue who invoke partners besides Allah? They merely follow conjectures and make (baseless) theories.

هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ اللَّيْلَ لِتَسْكُنُوا فِيهِ وَالنَّهَارَ مُبْصِرًا ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَسْمَعُونَ٦٧

10:67 It is He who made the night for you to rest, and made the day bright (for you to see and work).  Indeed there are signs in this for those who listen.

قَالُوا اتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ وَلَدًا ۗ سُبْحَانَهُ ۖ هُوَ الْغَنِيُّ ۖ لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۚ إِنْ عِنْدَكُمْ مِنْ سُلْطَانٍ بِهَٰذَا ۚ أَتَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ٦٨

10:68 They (polytheists and people of the book) claim that Allah has taken to Himself a son. Glorified is He; He is Self-Sufficient. To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth. You have no authority, nor evidence, for this (claim). Are you, then, saying things about Allah that you do not know.

قُلْ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَفْتَرُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ لَا يُفْلِحُونَ٦٩

10:69 Say,  'Those who fabricate lies about Allah will never succeed.'

مَتَاعٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ إِلَيْنَا مَرْجِعُهُمْ ثُمَّ نُذِيقُهُمُ الْعَذَابَ الشَّدِيدَ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ٧٠

10:70 Let them enjoy in the world. In the end they will come back to Us. Then We shall make them taste severe punishment for having denied (the truth).

وَاتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ نُوحٍ إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ يَا قَوْمِ إِنْ كَانَ كَبُرَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَقَامِي وَتَذْكِيرِي بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ فَعَلَى اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ فَأَجْمِعُوا أَمْرَكُمْ وَشُرَكَاءَكُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَكُنْ أَمْرُكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ غُمَّةً ثُمَّ اقْضُوا إِلَيَّ وَلَا تُنْظِرُونِ٧١

10:71 Narrate to them the story of Noah when he said to his people : 'O people, if you find my staying with you and warning through Allah's signs unbearable, know that I have reposed my trust in Allah. So plan your move, call your associates and make certain of your plan; then do whatever you intend against me, allowing me no respite.

The story of Prophet Noah (عليه السلام) is described to serve a warning to those who persistently rejected the message of Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم). So far arguments were presented to them to identify their misdeeds and warn them about the consequences. From here, examples of the people of Nooh, Musa and other prophets (عليهم السلام) is given to let them remind what happened to them for rejecting Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) signs.

فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَمَا سَأَلْتُكُمْ مِنْ أَجْرٍ ۖ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَى اللَّهِ ۖ وَأُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ٧٢

10:72 If you turn away from me (remember) I do not ask any compensation from you. My reward is with Allah; I have been commanded to be one of those who submit to Him.

فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ فِي الْفُلْكِ وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ خَلَائِفَ وَأَغْرَقْنَا الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا ۖ فَانْظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ٧٣

10:73 Even then they denied him; so We saved him and those with him, in the ark, and established them in the land, and drowned those who denied Our signs. So think of the fate of those who were warned (repeatedly).

ثُمَّ بَعَثْنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ رُسُلًا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِمْ فَجَاءُوهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَمَا كَانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِمَا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَطْبَعُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِ الْمُعْتَدِينَ٧٤

10:74 Afterwards We sent many Apostles who brought clear proofs to their peoples. But they were not prepared to believe what they had once denied. That is how We seal the hearts of the transgressors.

ثُمَّ بَعَثْنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ مُوسَىٰ وَهَارُونَ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِ بِآيَاتِنَا فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا مُجْرِمِينَ٧٥

10:75 Then after them We sent Musa and Haroon (عليهم السلام) with Our signs to the Pharaoh and his nobles; but they behaved arrogantly, for they were sinful people.

فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ عِنْدِنَا قَالُوا إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَسِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ٧٦

10:76 Thus, when the truth had come to them from Us, they said : 'Surely this is nothing but pure magic.'

قَالَ مُوسَىٰ أَتَقُولُونَ لِلْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَاءَكُمْ ۖ أَسِحْرٌ هَٰذَا وَلَا يُفْلِحُ السَّاحِرُونَ٧٧

10:77 Musa (عليه السلام) said,   'What! You speak in this manner regarding the truth when it has come to you? Is this magic? And (you know) magicians never succeed.'

قَالُوا أَجِئْتَنَا لِتَلْفِتَنَا عَمَّا وَجَدْنَا عَلَيْهِ آبَاءَنَا وَتَكُونَ لَكُمَا الْكِبْرِيَاءُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا نَحْنُ لَكُمَا بِمُؤْمِنِينَ٧٨

10:78 They said, 'Have you come to us to turn us away from that upon which we found our forefathers, so that you two may have supremacy in the land? And we are not believers in you.'

وَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ ائْتُونِي بِكُلِّ سَاحِرٍ عَلِيمٍ٧٩

10:79 Pharaoh asked (his nobles), 'Bring me every expert magician.'

فَلَمَّا جَاءَ السَّحَرَةُ قَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَىٰ أَلْقُوا مَا أَنْتُمْ مُلْقُونَ٨٠

10:80 So when the magicians came, Musa (عليه السلام) said to them, 'Cast whatever you intend to cast.'

فَلَمَّا أَلْقَوْا قَالَ مُوسَىٰ مَا جِئْتُمْ بِهِ السِّحْرُ ۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَيُبْطِلُهُ ۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُصْلِحُ عَمَلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ٨١

10:81 Therefore when they had cast, Musa (عليه السلام) said, 'This what you have brought is magic; Allah will now make it void; indeed Allah does not make the works of the mischievous successful.'

وَيُحِقُّ اللَّهُ الْحَقَّ بِكَلِمَاتِهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُجْرِمُونَ٨٢

10:82 'And Allah will establish the truth by His commands, even if the criminals dislike it.'

فَمَا آمَنَ لِمُوسَىٰ إِلَّا ذُرِّيَّةٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ عَلَىٰ خَوْفٍ مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِمْ أَنْ يَفْتِنَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لَعَالٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَإِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ٨٣

10:83 But none believed in Musa (عليه السلام) except some youths from among his people, for the fear of Pharaoh and his elite that he would persecute them. For Pharaoh was indeed a tyrant in the land, and indeed he was from the transgressors.

وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ يَا قَوْمِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ آمَنْتُمْ بِاللَّهِ فَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلُوا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُسْلِمِينَ٨٤

10:84 And Musa (عليه السلام) said, 'O my people! If you have accepted faith in Allah, then you should rely only upon Him, if you are Muslims.'

فَقَالُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْنَا رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا فِتْنَةً لِلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ٨٥

10:85 They answered : 'We have placed our trust in Allah. 'O our Lord, do not make us a target of oppression from these tyrant people,'

وَنَجِّنَا بِرَحْمَتِكَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الْكَافِرِينَ٨٦

10:86   'And with Your mercy, rescue us from the disbelievers.'

وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ وَأَخِيهِ أَنْ تَبَوَّآ لِقَوْمِكُمَا بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتًا وَاجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ٨٧

10:87 We commanded Musa and his brother (عليهم السلام) : 'Build homes for your people in Egypt (facing) Qibla, and make your houses places of worship, perform your acts of prayer and give happy tidings to those who believe.'

وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ آتَيْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَأَهُ زِينَةً وَأَمْوَالًا فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا رَبَّنَا لِيُضِلُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِكَ ۖ رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلَىٰ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاشْدُدْ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّىٰ يَرَوُا الْعَذَابَ الْأَلِيمَ٨٨

10:88 And Musa (عليه السلام) prayed, 'Our Lord! You have given Pharaoh and his nobles power and wealth in the life of this world, Our Lord, (with which) they lead people astray from Your path.  Our Lord! Destroy their riches and harden their hearts so that they may not accept faith until they witness the painful punishment.'

قَالَ قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُمَا فَاسْتَقِيمَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعَانِّ سَبِيلَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ٨٩

10:89 He said, 'Your prayer is accepted, thus remain firm, and do not follow the way of the unwise (people).

وَجَاوَزْنَا بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ وَجُنُودُهُ بَغْيًا وَعَدْوًا ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قَالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ وَأَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ٩٠

10:90 And We brought the people of Israel across the sea, but the Pharaoh and his army pursued them wickedly and maliciously till he was on the point of drowning, and he said : 'I believe that there is no god but He in whom the people of Israel believe, and I submit to Him.'

آلْآنَ وَقَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَكُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ٩١

10:91 (You surrender) Now, but  before this, you always rebelled and were of those engaged in causing disorder and corruption?

فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَكَ آيَةً ۚ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنَ النَّاسِ عَنْ آيَاتِنَا لَغَافِلُونَ٩٢

10:92 This day We shall salvage your body so that you may be a pointer for those after you; and indeed most people are neglectful of Our signs.'

Quranic description regarding Musa (عليه السلام) refers to two Pharaohs. The first was the one during whose reign Musa (عليه السلام) was born and in whose palace he was brought up. The second was his son whom Musa (عليه السلام) invited to Islam and who was asked to liberate the Israelis. It was this Pharaoh who was drowned. The first Pharaoh is considered to be Rameses I, while the second Pharaoh was his son, who had become a co-sharer in his father's authority during the latter's lifetime and who, after his death, became the ruler of Egypt. There is no authentic record of the dates and years of their rule. The historical accounts and dates of their rules are disputed in view of the discrepancies in Egyptian, Israeli and Christian calendars.

Brief History

Pharaoh's mummified dead body was discovered in 1881 in the tomb of a high priest named Pinedjem II who lived almost 400 years after the pharaoh’s reign. The mummy was likely moved from the pharaoh’s original tomb in the Valley of the Kings, designated KV7, after looters desecrated the burial chamber and the priests of the time feared that someone might even try to ruin or steal the body of the Pharaoh.

Upon discovery, the body of Ramesses II was found to be in pristine condition as compared to other Mummies. His skin was entirely preserved, as well as most of the hair on his head. Since his facial features remained virtually intact, researchers compared them to the statues which represented him. They concluded that many statues accurately depicted Ramesses II, his strong jaw and aquiline nose, who died by drowning in the sea, and later his dead body was found at the seashore.

It was realized in 1970s that, in view humidity in the room in which the Mummy of the Pharaoh was kept in Egyptian Museum in Cairo, its condition started to deteriorate. This prompted Egyptian authorities to search for experts to help them restore the Mummy.

In 1980s, the Mummy was transferred to France for its restoration. In France, the mummy was taken to a special wing of the French Monuments Center, and renowned archeologists, surgeons and anatomists started to conduct a study on the mummy in an attempt to delve into its mysteries and restoration. Professor Maurice Bucaille, the senior surgeon and scientist in-charge at this Center was the Head of the team of restoration of the Mummy. Maurice Bucaille was the most famous surgeon in France. In their final report, the experts at this center concluded that the death of the Mummified Pharaoh was because of drowning into the sea. The remains of the salt stuck on his body and inside ears was the conclusive evidence in this context. They also concluded that the body was mummified in haste over 3000 years ago after recovering it from the sea. The experts were puzzled over a question. How did this body, to the exclusion of other mummified bodies of ancient Egyptians, remain that intact although it was recovered from the sea?

The Mummy was restored in France and it was sent back to Egypt in a splendid glass coffin which is being displayed in Cairo Museum till date.

The Head of the restoration Team in France Prof. Maurice Bucaille was amused by their findings. He realized that the facts described in Quran about it were truthful.

وَلَقَدْ بَوَّأْنَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ وَرَزَقْنَاهُمْ مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ فَمَا اخْتَلَفُوا حَتَّىٰ جَاءَهُمُ الْعِلْمُ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ٩٣

10:93 And indeed We provided the Descendants of Israel a place of honor, and bestowed good sustenance to them; and they did not fall into dispute except after the knowledge had come to them; indeed your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning the matters in which they used to differ.

فَإِنْ كُنْتَ فِي شَكٍّ مِمَّا أَنْزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ فَاسْأَلِ الَّذِينَ يَقْرَءُونَ الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ ۚ لَقَدْ جَاءَكَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ٩٤

10:94 (O' listeners) If you are in doubt of what We have sent down to you, then ask those who have been reading the Book (earlier scriptures)  before you. The truth has indeed come to you from your Lord, so do not be one of those who doubt,

وَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ فَتَكُونَ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ٩٥

10:95 And never be of those who denied the signs of Allah, for you will then be of the losers.

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ٩٦

10:96 Verily those against whom the word of your Lord is pronounced will never believe

وَلَوْ جَاءَتْهُمْ كُلُّ آيَةٍ حَتَّىٰ يَرَوُا الْعَذَابَ الْأَلِيمَ٩٧

10:97 Even though all the signs came to them, not till they face the grievous punishment.

فَلَوْلَا كَانَتْ قَرْيَةٌ آمَنَتْ فَنَفَعَهَا إِيمَانُهَا إِلَّا قَوْمَ يُونُسَ لَمَّا آمَنُوا كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُمْ عَذَابَ الْخِزْيِ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَمَتَّعْنَاهُمْ إِلَىٰ حِينٍ٩٨

10:98 Why has there been no habitation that believed and profited by their faith, except the people of Yunus (عليه السلام)? When they came to believe, We removed from them the affliction of shame in the world, and made them prosperous for a time.

وَلَوْ شَاءَ رَبُّكَ لَآمَنَ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعًا ۚ أَفَأَنْتَ تُكْرِهُ النَّاسَ حَتَّىٰ يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ٩٩

10:99 And had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed, all of them entirely. Then, (O Prophet ﷺ), would you compel the people in order that they become believers?

The above verse signifies that Hidaya is Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) hands. Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) knows about His creatures before their coming into external existence. He knew cow as cow, elephant as elephant. He also knows who will accept Hidaya and who will reject.

The meaning of "And had your Lord willed' (وَلَوْ شَاءَ رَبُّكَ) are, Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) 'willingness' is as per the nature of the person. Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) will not force a good nature man to steal. If the person is good, he will accept the Hidaya, if not he will reject it. Proves and evidences to an ill natured person does not make any difference. The evil person will surely be inclined to do evil deeds. He will surely feel happy to be in association with devils and will feel satisfied in their company.

وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ۚ وَيَجْعَلُ الرِّجْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ١٠٠

10:100 And no one can accept faith except by the command of Allah; and He sets the punishment upon those who do not have sense.

قُلِ انْظُرُوا مَاذَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَمَا تُغْنِي الْآيَاتُ وَالنُّذُرُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ١٠١

10:101 Say : 'Look at all there is in the heavens and the earth.' But signs or warnings will be of no avail to those who do not believe.

فَهَلْ يَنْتَظِرُونَ إِلَّا مِثْلَ أَيَّامِ الَّذِينَ خَلَوْا مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ قُلْ فَانْتَظِرُوا إِنِّي مَعَكُمْ مِنَ الْمُنْتَظِرِينَ١٠٢

10:102 Do they await anything except the like of the days (of punishment) for those (nations) who passed away before them? Say, ‘Then wait,  I am also waiting along with you.’

ثُمَّ نُنَجِّي رُسُلَنَا وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ حَقًّا عَلَيْنَا نُنْجِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ١٠٣

10:103 Then We shall save Our Apostles and the believers (as we always did before); it is incumbent upon Our mercy to save the believers.

قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِنْ دِينِي فَلَا أَعْبُدُ الَّذِينَ تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنْ أَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ الَّذِي يَتَوَفَّاكُمْ ۖ وَأُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ١٠٤

10:104 Say, ‘O people! if you are in doubt about my religion, then (know that) I do not worship those whom you worship besides Allah.  Rather, I worship only Allah, who causes you to die, and I have been commanded to be among the believers,

وَأَنْ أَقِمْ وَجْهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفًا وَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ١٠٥

10:105 (And that) 'Dedicate yourself to the religion inclining to the truth, and never be among those who associate partners with Allah.

وَلَا تَدْعُ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَنْفَعُكَ وَلَا يَضُرُّكَ ۖ فَإِنْ فَعَلْتَ فَإِنَّكَ إِذًا مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ١٠٦

10:106 Nor invoke (anything) besides Allah that which neither benefits you nor can do you any harm. For if you do so, then you will indeed be among the wrongdoers.’

وَإِنْ يَمْسَسْكَ اللَّهُ بِضُرٍّ فَلَا كَاشِفَ لَهُ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ وَإِنْ يُرِدْكَ بِخَيْرٍ فَلَا رَادَّ لِفَضْلِهِ ۚ يُصِيبُ بِهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ ۚ وَهُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ١٠٧

10:107 Should Allah bring you harm there is none but He who could remove you from it, and if He wish you good, there is none who could take away His blessings.   He showers them on those of His servants as He please, and He is All Forgiving and Most Merciful.

قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَاءَكُمُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ ۖ فَمَنِ اهْتَدَىٰ فَإِنَّمَا يَهْتَدِي لِنَفْسِهِ ۖ وَمَنْ ضَلَّ فَإِنَّمَا يَضِلُّ عَلَيْهَا ۖ وَمَا أَنَا عَلَيْكُمْ بِوَكِيلٍ١٠٨

10:108 Say: "O men, the truth has come to you from your Lord, so he who follows the right path does so for himself, and he who goes astray,  errs against himself, and I am not a Trustee over you.

وَاتَّبِعْ مَا يُوحَىٰ إِلَيْكَ وَاصْبِرْ حَتَّىٰ يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ ۚ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الْحَاكِمِينَ١٠٩

10:109 And (O' Prophet ﷺ) follow what is divinely revealed to you, and have patience till Allah gives His command; and He is the Best of Rulers.

سورة هود

Hood

Hood | Sura # 11 | 123 verses | Makkan

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate and Most Merciful

الر ۚ كِتَابٌ أُحْكِمَتْ آيَاتُهُ ثُمَّ فُصِّلَتْ مِنْ لَدُنْ حَكِيمٍ خَبِيرٍ١

11:1 Alif-Laam-Ra. This is a Book, the verses of which are full of wisdom, explained in detail, by the Wise, the Well Aware (Lord),

الر [ Alif-Laam-Ra ] - 'Alif-Laam-Ra' is known as ‘Solemn Verse' (Ayat-e-Muqatta'at - آیتِ مقطعات).

Fourteen Arabic alphabets have been used, in varied combinations, in 14 ‘Solemn Verses' (Ayaat-e-Muqatta'at - آیاتِ مقطعات) in the form of initials of 29 Chapters (سورة) of holy Quran. Alif-Laam-Ra (الر ) is one of them.

Since Quran is 'Mubeen' (الْمُبِينِ); its description is clear and manifest. The meanings of all the verses of Quran, including 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) are surely known to its principle addressee, ie., Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم). It is also likely that Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) has informed the meanings of these Verses to some of his Sahabah and Awliya Allah.

We believe in whatever is meant by the 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) by Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم).

Since we have been commanded to read the Quran carefully and try to understand the significance of every verse of the Quran, we do ponder over these verses. And when we think, by focusing our attention towards Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) for guidance, it comes to our mind that the 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) are actually the 'Solemn Titles of Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) given by Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) throughout the Quran. Our understanding is based on the fact that Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) has addressed Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) in the Quran by specific names, like Muzzammil (مزمل - O' beloved who covers self in a coverlet), Muddassir (مدثر - O' beloved, who covers self in a bed sheet). With this understanding, it is most likely that Prophet’s (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) other names / titles have been mentioned in Quran by denoting certain initials/alphabets.

أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا اللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّنِي لَكُمْ مِنْهُ نَذِيرٌ وَبَشِيرٌ٢

11:2 declaring : 'Worship no one but Allah. I am indeed a warner to you from Him and a bearer of good news.

وَأَنِ اسْتَغْفِرُوا رَبَّكُمْ ثُمَّ تُوبُوا إِلَيْهِ يُمَتِّعْكُمْ مَتَاعًا حَسَنًا إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى وَيُؤْتِ كُلَّ ذِي فَضْلٍ فَضْلَهُ ۖ وَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ كَبِيرٍ٣

11:3 And that you ask your Lord for forgiveness (for sins you have committed), then turn to Him sincerely, He will provide you with a good provision for a specified term and grant His grace to every meritorious person. But if you turn away, then, surely I fear for you the punishment of a big Day.

إِلَى اللَّهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ ۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ٤

11:4 To Allah will be your return, and He has power over all things.'

أَلَا إِنَّهُمْ يَثْنُونَ صُدُورَهُمْ لِيَسْتَخْفُوا مِنْهُ ۚ أَلَا حِينَ يَسْتَغْشُونَ ثِيَابَهُمْ يَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ ۚ إِنَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ٥

11:5 Look (how) They fold up their breasts in order to conceal from Allah; even when they fully cover themselves up with their clothes, Allah knows all  what they hide and all what they disclose; indeed He knows what is in the hearts.

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