TAFSEER-E-ASEDI
By
Shaikh Mir Asedullah Quadri
سورة عبس
He frowned
Abasa | Sura # 80 | 42 verses | Makkan
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate and Most Merciful
عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ١
80:1 A kind of uneasiness was witnessed on the face (of the Prophet ﷺ), as he turned aside.
أَنْ جَاءَهُ الْأَعْمَىٰ٢
80:2 When there came to him the blind man (Ibn Umme Maktumؓ, who came to the Prophet ﷺ and interrupted his preaching to the chiefs of Makka).
Abdullah Ibn Umm Maktum (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ) was the cousin of Ummul Momineen Khadija (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہا). He was blind by birth. Once he visited the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) at a time when he was preaching Islam to some chieftains of Makka and was busy in clearing their doubts. Since Abdullah Ibn Umm Maktum (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ) was blind, he did not know that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) was busy at that time. He started asking the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) one thing after the other. Since the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) was busy, he felt a little unease. This incident has been mentioned in the beginning of this verse.
It is important to note that Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) teach us by various ways that cover every aspect of our lives.
It is in Quran – وَمَا يَنطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَىٰ - إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحَىٰ [ (Prophet Mohammad ﷺ) does not say anything with his self desire, except that this is the revelation which is coming to him (from Allah).] (An-Najm – 3-4).
It is in Quran - لَّقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ [ Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) is an exemplary model (for all of you).] (Al-Ahzab – 21).
Some people wrongly relate human weaknesses with the person of a prophet or his close associates based on certain incidents in their lives. Sometimes people are unable to comprehend the meaning of a certain verse. They should know that an incident or a statement used for a Prophet carries different meanings than when it is used for a common man. If you do not understand these sensitive issues, you may go astray.
Understanding Quran is not an easy task. Only with the mercy of Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) one can comprehend the meanings of the Quranic verses in their proper perspective.
وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ يَزَّكَّىٰ٣
80:3 For all you know, he (the blind man) might be seeking to purify himself?
أَوْ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنْفَعَهُ الذِّكْرَىٰ٤
80:4 He might heed (the warning); perhaps the Reminder would benefit him.
أَمَّا مَنِ اسْتَغْنَىٰ٥
80:5 (Rather than), the one who displays indifference,
فَأَنْتَ لَهُ تَصَدَّىٰ٦
80:6 to whom (the Makkan Chiefs) you were attending;
وَمَا عَلَيْكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ٧
80:7 (O' Noble Prophet ﷺ do not focus too much attention on them as) you are not responsible if they do not purify themselves. (Your responsibility is only to convey the message of Allah).
وَأَمَّا مَنْ جَاءَكَ يَسْعَىٰ٨
80:8 But as for the one who came to you, eager (to learn),
وَهُوَ يَخْشَىٰ٩
80:9 with fear of Allah in his heart,
فَأَنْتَ عَنْهُ تَلَهَّىٰ١٠
80:10 from him you got distracted (because of your efforts in teaching Islam to everyone.
كَلَّا إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ١١
80:11 No, in fact this (Quran) is a reminder!
فَمَنْ شَاءَ ذَكَرَهُ١٢
80:12 So those who want, let them pay attention to it.
فِي صُحُفٍ مُكَرَّمَةٍ١٣
80:13 It is (written) on pages held in honor,
مَرْفُوعَةٍ مُطَهَّرَةٍ١٤
80:14 highly esteemed (and) purified,
بِأَيْدِي سَفَرَةٍ١٥
80:15 in the hands of the scribes (angels),
كِرَامٍ بَرَرَةٍ١٦
80:16 (who are) honorable and obedient.
قُتِلَ الْإِنْسَانُ مَا أَكْفَرَهُ١٧
80:17 Condemned is the (disbelieving) man! How ungrateful he is (to Allah)!
مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَهُ١٨
80:18 (He should know) Out of what, Allah has created him?
مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ خَلَقَهُ فَقَدَّرَهُ١٩
80:19 He created him from a sperm-drop, and ordained his development,
ثُمَّ السَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُ٢٠
80:20 then makes his way of life smooth for him.
ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُ فَأَقْبَرَهُ٢١
80:21 Then He causes him to die and buried.
ثُمَّ إِذَا شَاءَ أَنْشَرَهُ٢٢
80:22 Then when He wills, He will resurrect him.
كَلَّا لَمَّا يَقْضِ مَا أَمَرَهُ٢٣
80:23 But the Human did not fulfill what Allah has commanded him.
فَلْيَنْظُرِ الْإِنْسَانُ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِهِ٢٤
80:24 Let man reflect on the food he eats.
أَنَّا صَبَبْنَا الْمَاءَ صَبًّا٢٥
80:25 We pour out water (rain) in abundance,
ثُمَّ شَقَقْنَا الْأَرْضَ شَقًّا٢٦
80:26 and caused the soil to break open,
فَأَنْبَتْنَا فِيهَا حَبًّا٢٧
80:27 and grew grains in it,
وَعِنَبًا وَقَضْبًا٢٨
80:28 and grapes and vegetables,
وَزَيْتُونًا وَنَخْلًا٢٩
80:29 and olives and date-palms,
وَحَدَائِقَ غُلْبًا٣٠
80:30 and gardens, dense with many trees,
وَفَاكِهَةً وَأَبًّا٣١
80:31 and the fruits and fodder.
مَتَاعًا لَكُمْ وَلِأَنْعَامِكُمْ٣٢
80:32 all as (means of) sustenance for you and your animals. )
فَإِذَا جَاءَتِ الصَّاخَّةُ٣٣
80:33 When the deafening blare (of the trumpet) sounds!
يَوْمَ يَفِرُّ الْمَرْءُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ٣٤
80:34 that Day every person will flee from their own siblings,
وَأُمِّهِ وَأَبِيهِ٣٥
80:35 and (even from) his mother and father,
وَصَاحِبَتِهِ وَبَنِيهِ٣٦
80:36 and wife and children.
لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ شَأْنٌ يُغْنِيهِ٣٧
80:37 For each one of them, on that Day, shall have concern (and worry) for himself that will make him indifferent to the others.
وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُسْفِرَةٌ٣٨
80:38 On that Day (some) faces will be bright,
ضَاحِكَةٌ مُسْتَبْشِرَةٌ٣٩
80:39 laughing, rejoicing (at the good news of Paradise).
وَوُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَيْهَا غَبَرَةٌ٤٠
80:40 And (other) faces, on that Day, will be covered with dust,
تَرْهَقُهَا قَتَرَةٌ٤١
80:41 (and) cast in gloom.
أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْكَفَرَةُ الْفَجَرَةُ٤٢
80:42 Those are the disbelievers, the (wicked) sinners.
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