TAFSEER-E-ASEDI
By
Shaikh Mir Asedullah Quadri
سورة القلم
The Pen
Al-Qalam | Sura # 68 | 52 verses | Makkan
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate and Most Merciful
ن ۚ وَالْقَلَمِ وَمَا يَسْطُرُونَ١
68:1 Noon. (I swear) By the pen and whatever they, (the angels), write.
'Noon' is known as ‘Solemn Verse' (Ayat-e-Muqatta'at - آیتِ مقطعات).
Fourteen Arabic alphabets have been used, in varied combinations, in 14 ‘Solemn Verses' (Ayaat-e-Muqatta'at - آیاتِ مقطعات) in the form of initials of 29 Chapters (سورة) of holy Quran. Saad ( ن ) is one of them.
Since Quran is 'Mubeen' (الْمُبِينِ); its description is clear and manifest. The meanings of all the verses of Quran, including 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) are surely known to its principle addressee, ie., Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم). It is also likely that Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) has informed the meanings of these Verses to some of his Sahabah and Awliya Allah.
We believe in whatever is meant by the 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) by Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم).
Since we have been commanded to read the Quran carefully and try to understand the significance of every verse of the Quran, we do ponder over these verses. And when we think, by focusing our attention towards Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) for guidance, it comes to our mind that the 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) are actually the 'Solemn Titles of Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) given by Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) throughout the Quran. Our understanding is based on the fact that Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) has addressed Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) in the Quran by specific names, like Muzzammil (مزمل - O' beloved who covers self in a coverlet), Muddassir (مدثر - O' beloved, who covers self in a bed sheet). With this understanding, it is most likely that Prophet’s (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) other names / titles have been mentioned in Quran by denoting certain initials/alphabets.
مَا أَنْتَ بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ بِمَجْنُونٍ٢
68:2 By the grace of your Lord, you (O' Prophet ﷺ) are not insane.
وَإِنَّ لَكَ لَأَجْرًا غَيْرَ مَمْنُونٍ٣
68:3 And you will have a never ending reward.
وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ٤
68:4 And surely, you (O' Noble Apostle ﷺ) possess exalted and magnanimous character.
فَسَتُبْصِرُ وَيُبْصِرُونَ٥
68:5 Soon you will see and the pagans will (also) see,
بِأَيْيِكُمُ الْمَفْتُونُ٦
68:6 who is deranged.
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ ضَلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ٧
68:7 Verily your Lord knows those who have gone astray from His path, and He knows those who are guided on the way.
فَلَا تُطِعِ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ٨
68:8 So (O' Prophet ﷺ) don’t yield to the deniers' (in anything).
وَدُّوا لَوْ تُدْهِنُ فَيُدْهِنُونَ٩
68:9 They wish that you should compromise (in religion with them), so they would also compromise with you.
وَلَا تُطِعْ كُلَّ حَلَّافٍ مَهِينٍ١٠
68:10 Pay no heed to any contemptible oath-taker (who swears much with no consideration of truth, and no one will to act on his word),
هَمَّازٍ مَشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ١١
68:11 or to a defamer that goes about spreading slander,
مَنَّاعٍ لِلْخَيْرِ مُعْتَدٍ أَثِيمٍ١٢
68:12 the one who prohibits the good, trespasses and defiantly indulges in sinful acts.
عُتُلٍّ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ زَنِيمٍ١٣
68:13 Brute, and on top of all that, an illegitimate child,
أَنْ كَانَ ذَا مَالٍ وَبَنِينَ١٤
68:14 (Simply) because he has been given (a lot of) wealth and children.
إِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِ آيَاتُنَا قَالَ أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ١٥
68:15 When Our verses are recited to him, he says, (these are) 'Legends of the former people.'
سَنَسِمُهُ عَلَى الْخُرْطُومِ١٦
68:16 Soon We shall mark him upon his nose!
إِنَّا بَلَوْنَاهُمْ كَمَا بَلَوْنَا أَصْحَابَ الْجَنَّةِ إِذْ أَقْسَمُوا لَيَصْرِمُنَّهَا مُصْبِحِينَ١٧
68:17 We have tested them in the same way as we tested the dwellers of the garden (in Yemen) when they swore to pluck all the fruits of the garden in the morning,
A similar parable was given in verses 32-44 of Sura al-Kahf about the owners of the two gardens.
وَلَا يَسْتَثْنُونَ١٨
68:18 without saying : If Allah wills.
فَطَافَ عَلَيْهَا طَائِفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَهُمْ نَائِمُونَ١٩
68:19 But a disaster from your Lord came upon it while they slept,
فَأَصْبَحَتْ كَالصَّرِيمِ٢٠
68:20 so the garden became black by the morning, like a pitch dark night (completely ruined).
فَتَنَادَوْا مُصْبِحِينَ٢١
68:21 And they called out to one another,
أَنِ اغْدُوا عَلَىٰ حَرْثِكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَارِمِينَ٢٢
68:22 saying, 'Go early to your crop if you want to harvest the fruit.'
فَانْطَلَقُوا وَهُمْ يَتَخَافَتُونَ٢٣
68:23 So they departed and whispered in secret low tones (saying),
أَنْ لَا يَدْخُلَنَّهَا الْيَوْمَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِسْكِينٌ٢٤
68:24 'make sure no poor person enters the garden today.'
وَغَدَوْا عَلَىٰ حَرْدٍ قَادِرِينَ٢٥
68:25 And they went, ready to harvest.
فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهَا قَالُوا إِنَّا لَضَالُّونَ٢٦
68:26 But when they saw the garden, they cried, 'Surely we must have lost our way'.
بَلْ نَحْنُ مَحْرُومُونَ٢٧
68:27 'Nay, we have been deprived of our livelihood.'
قَالَ أَوْسَطُهُمْ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ لَكُمْ لَوْلَا تُسَبِّحُونَ٢٨
68:28 The most sensible of them said, 'Did I not urge you to say, Allah willing.'?
قَالُوا سُبْحَانَ رَبِّنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا ظَالِمِينَ٢٩
68:29 They said, ´Glory be to our Lord! Truly we have been wrongdoers.´
فَأَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ يَتَلَاوَمُونَ٣٠
68:30 Then they turned and blamed each other.
قَالُوا يَا وَيْلَنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا طَاغِينَ٣١
68:31 They said, woe to us, we have certainly been transgressors.
عَسَىٰ رَبُّنَا أَنْ يُبْدِلَنَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا إِنَّا إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا رَاغِبُونَ٣٢
68:32 'We trust our Lord will give us a better garden than this, (for) we are indeed turning to our Lord with hope.'
كَذَٰلِكَ الْعَذَابُ ۖ وَلَعَذَابُ الْآخِرَةِ أَكْبَرُ ۚ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ٣٣
68:33 That is the (way of Our) punishment (in this world). But the punishment of the Hereafter is certainly far worse, if only they knew.
إِنَّ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ٣٤
68:34 Surely, the pious will be rewarded with gardens of delight (Paradise) by their Lord.
أَفَنَجْعَلُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَالْمُجْرِمِينَ٣٥
68:35 What do the disbelievers think? Shall We treat the Muslims as We treat the wrongdoing (disbelievers)?
مَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ٣٦
68:36 What is wrong with you, how do you judge.
أَمْ لَكُمْ كِتَابٌ فِيهِ تَدْرُسُونَ٣٧
68:37 Or do you have a scripture in which you read?
إِنَّ لَكُمْ فِيهِ لَمَا تَخَيَّرُونَ٣٨
68:38 And in it do you find all that you wish for?
أَمْ لَكُمْ أَيْمَانٌ عَلَيْنَا بَالِغَةٌ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ۙ إِنَّ لَكُمْ لَمَا تَحْكُمُونَ٣٩
68:39 Or do you have oaths from Us, that are binding until the Day of Resurrection, allowing you to have whatever you desire?
سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ بِذَٰلِكَ زَعِيمٌ٤٠
68:40 Ask them. Who among them can claim that?
أَمْ لَهُمْ شُرَكَاءُ فَلْيَأْتُوا بِشُرَكَائِهِمْ إِنْ كَانُوا صَادِقِينَ٤١
68:41 Or do they have associate gods (supporting this claim)? Then let them bring forth their associate gods, if what they say is true.
يَوْمَ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاقٍ وَيُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى السُّجُودِ فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ٤٢
68:42 On the Day (of Judgment) when the events shall be unfolded and they shall be called to prostrate (to Allah), but they will not be able to do so.
خَاشِعَةً أَبْصَارُهُمْ تَرْهَقُهُمْ ذِلَّةٌ ۖ وَقَدْ كَانُوا يُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى السُّجُودِ وَهُمْ سَالِمُونَ٤٣
68:43 They shall stand with eyes downcast, utterly humiliated; because during their safe and sound life in the world they were called upon to prostrate themselves but they refused to do so.
فَذَرْنِي وَمَنْ يُكَذِّبُ بِهَٰذَا الْحَدِيثِ ۖ سَنَسْتَدْرِجُهُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ٤٤
68:44 So leave those who deny this Discourse to Me. We shall lead them step by step to (ruin) in a way they will not know.
وَأُمْلِي لَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ كَيْدِي مَتِينٌ٤٥
68:45 I (only) delay their end for a while, but My retribution for them is strong.
أَمْ تَسْأَلُهُمْ أَجْرًا فَهُمْ مِنْ مَغْرَمٍ مُثْقَلُونَ٤٦
68:46 Or have you (O' Prophet ﷺ) asked them a wage, so they are heavily burdened from debt?
أَمْ عِنْدَهُمُ الْغَيْبُ فَهُمْ يَكْتُبُونَ٤٧
68:47 Or, do they have the knowledge of the unseen so they may write (their own fate)?
فَاصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ وَلَا تَكُنْ كَصَاحِبِ الْحُوتِ إِذْ نَادَىٰ وَهُوَ مَكْظُومٌ٤٨
68:48 So (O' Noble Prophet ﷺ) wait with patience for the Judgment of your Lord and be not like the person of the fish (Prophet Yunus عليه السلام) who called on Us when he was in distress.
لَوْلَا أَنْ تَدَارَكَهُ نِعْمَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ لَنُبِذَ بِالْعَرَاءِ وَهُوَ مَذْمُومٌ٤٩
68:49 Had he not been shown grace by his Lord, he would have certainly been cast onto the open (shore), while he to be blamed (for that state).
فَاجْتَبَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَجَعَلَهُ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ٥٠
68:50 But his Lord chose him and made him of the righteous.
وَإِنْ يَكَادُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَيُزْلِقُونَكَ بِأَبْصَارِهِمْ لَمَّا سَمِعُوا الذِّكْرَ وَيَقُولُونَ إِنَّهُ لَمَجْنُونٌ٥١
68:51 Indeed, those who disbelieve would nearly smite you down with their glances when they hear (your recitation of Quran), saying, 'Surely, he is possessed.'
وَمَا هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكْرٌ لِلْعَالَمِينَ٥٢
68:52 This (Quran) is indeed a Reminder to all the people of the world.
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