TAFSEER-E-ASEDI
By
Shaikh Mir Asedullah Quadri
سورة القمر
The Moon
Al-Qamar | Sura # 54 | 55 verses | Makkan
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate and Most Merciful
اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانْشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ١
54:1 The Hour draws near; the moon is split in two.
The miracle of the splitting of the moon occurred in Makka before Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) immigrated to Madina. Many Sahabah, like Ali bin Abi Talib, Anas bin Malik, Huzaifa bin Yaman, Abdullah bin Masud, Abdullah bin Abbas, Abdullah bin Umar, Jubair bin Mutim (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہم اجمعين) have narrated about this event in many Ahadith.
It is reported that Makkan Polytheists like Walid bin Mughira, Abu Jahl, A'as bin Wail, Aas bin Hisham, Aswad bin Yaghus, Aswad bin Muttalib, Zama bin Aswad, Nadr bin Harith, etc., demanded the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) saying that 'If you are a true Prophet of Allah then split the moon in half. Let it be in such a way that one half will appear over Mount Abu Qubais and the other half will be seen over Mount Quayqian.' The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) asked them, 'if I do that, will you accept Islam'. They said 'Yes, we will.' Then on the following 14th night moon, the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) called all the people of Quraish polytheists and asked them to bear witness to it. He stood at an elevated place for all people to see him, looked at the Moon, raised his finger and gestured towards it, and Moon got split into two, and its two halves were seen on the Mounts as requested by the polytheists. Once everyone had seen it, the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) raised his finger and gestured again. The two halves came together and joined again.
It is in Hadith -It is narrated on the authority of Anas bin Malik (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ) who said that 'the people of Makkah asked the Apostle of Allah (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) to produce a miracle, and he showed them the splitting of the moon into two parts, until they saw (the mount of) Hira between them.' (Bukhari, Muslim and others)
It is in Hadith - It is narrated on the authority of Jubair bin Mut'im (رضئ اللہ تعالی عنہ) who said that the moon was split into two during the time of Allah's Apostle (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم); a part of the moon was over one mountain and another part over another mountain. So they said, (Prophet) Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) has taken us by his magic.' They then said, `If he was able to take us by magic, he will not be able to do so with all (other) people.' (Musnad Ahmad, Baihaqi in Dalail.)
When this miracle was witnessed by the Quraish, some said that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) has caused a spell on them. Some others were confused as they thought, if the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) had cast a spell on the crowed gathered, then 'let us ask some wayfarers who came to Makka the following day if they had seen two halfs of the moon at night'. They did that and it was confirmed by some wayfarers who happened to see that miracle on their way. After this, the Polytheists started claiming that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) had cast his spell on the sky itself so that whoever in the world looked up, he saw the moon got split into two that night.
The miracles performed by the Prophets are not required to be proven by any means, scientific or otherwise since it is the work of Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ). Like the splitting of the water of the Sea and Musa (عليه السلام) and the children of Israel crossing it on their foot cannot be explained scientifically.
وَإِنْ يَرَوْا آيَةً يُعْرِضُوا وَيَقُولُوا سِحْرٌ مُسْتَمِرٌّ٢
54:2 Yet when they see a sign, the unbelievers turn their backs and say, 'This is an ingenious magic.'
وَكَذَّبُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا أَهْوَاءَهُمْ ۚ وَكُلُّ أَمْرٍ مُسْتَقِرٌّ٣
54:3 They rejected (the truth), and followed their own whims. All matters will (surely) come to conclusion (at the appropriate time).
وَلَقَدْ جَاءَهُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْبَاءِ مَا فِيهِ مُزْدَجَرٌ٤
54:4 Stories (of the punishment to earlier people) to warn them have already come, that should have restrained them.
حِكْمَةٌ بَالِغَةٌ ۖ فَمَا تُغْنِ النُّذُرُ٥
54:5 (This Quran is indeed) profound (in) wisdom, but warnings are of no benefit (to the disbelievers).
فَتَوَلَّ عَنْهُمْ ۘ يَوْمَ يَدْعُ الدَّاعِ إِلَىٰ شَيْءٍ نُكُرٍ٦
54:6 So turn away from them (O Prophet ﷺ), (and wait for) the Day (when) the caller will summon (them) for something horrifying.
خُشَّعًا أَبْصَارُهُمْ يَخْرُجُونَ مِنَ الْأَجْدَاثِ كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُنْتَشِرٌ٧
54:7 With downcast eyes, they will emerge from their burial places (graves) as if they were swarming locusts,
مُهْطِعِينَ إِلَى الدَّاعِ ۖ يَقُولُ الْكَافِرُونَ هَٰذَا يَوْمٌ عَسِرٌ٨
54:8 scrambling towards the Caller. The unbelievers will cry, 'This is a disastrous Day.'
كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ فَكَذَّبُوا عَبْدَنَا وَقَالُوا مَجْنُونٌ وَازْدُجِرَ٩
54:9 Long before them, the people of Nooh (عليه السلام) disbelieved. They rejected Our servant (Prophet Nooh عليه السلام), called him insane and rebuked him.
فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانْتَصِرْ١٠
54:10 So he called upon his Lord, 'I am overwhelmed, (My Lord, kindly) help me.
فَفَتَحْنَا أَبْوَابَ السَّمَاءِ بِمَاءٍ مُنْهَمِرٍ١١
54:11 So We opened the floodgates of sky with torrential rain,
وَفَجَّرْنَا الْأَرْضَ عُيُونًا فَالْتَقَى الْمَاءُ عَلَىٰ أَمْرٍ قَدْ قُدِرَ١٢
54:12 and caused the earth to burst with springs, so the waters met for a fate already set.
وَحَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَىٰ ذَاتِ أَلْوَاحٍ وَدُسُرٍ١٣
54:13 We carried him on that (Ark made) of planks and nails,
تَجْرِي بِأَعْيُنِنَا جَزَاءً لِمَنْ كَانَ كُفِرَ١٤
54:14 floating under Our care, a reward for him (Nooh عليه السلام) who was rejected (by the disbelievers)!
وَلَقَدْ تَرَكْنَاهَا آيَةً فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ١٥
54:15 We have left that Ark as a sign, so is there any who would take admonition?
فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ١٦
54:16 How dreadful was My punishment and My warning.
وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ١٧
54:17 And We have indeed made the Quran easy to understand and remember, and is there anyone who will remember (and benefit from it)?
كَذَّبَتْ عَادٌ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ١٨
54:18 The people of A'ad also rejected the truth. How (dreadful) was My punishment and (the fulfillment of) My warnings!
إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا صَرْصَرًا فِي يَوْمِ نَحْسٍ مُسْتَمِرٍّ١٩
54:19 We unleashed upon them a screaming wind, on a day of continuous catastrophe,
تَنْزِعُ النَّاسَ كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ مُنْقَعِرٍ٢٠
54:20 snatching out the people as if they were uprooted stems of date-palms.
فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ٢١
54:21 How dreadful was My punishment and My warning.
وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ٢٢
54:22 And We have indeed made the Quran easy to understand and remember, and is there anyone who will remember (and benefit from it)?
كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِالنُّذُرِ٢٣
54:23 The people of Thamud rejected the warnings,
فَقَالُوا أَبَشَرًا مِنَّا وَاحِدًا نَتَّبِعُهُ إِنَّا إِذًا لَفِي ضَلَالٍ وَسُعُرٍ٢٤
54:24 saying, 'Are we to follow a man who stands alone among us? That would surely be an error and madness.
أَأُلْقِيَ الذِّكْرُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ بَيْنِنَا بَلْ هُوَ كَذَّابٌ أَشِرٌ٢٥
54:25 'Why should he (Prophet Saleh - عليه السلام) alone from among all of us be chosen to receive the message? He is nothing but a wicked liar.'
سَيَعْلَمُونَ غَدًا مَنِ الْكَذَّابُ الْأَشِرُ٢٦
54:26 (It was revealed to Ṣaleḥ عليه السلام), 'They will know tomorrow who the boastful liar is.'
إِنَّا مُرْسِلُو النَّاقَةِ فِتْنَةً لَهُمْ فَارْتَقِبْهُمْ وَاصْطَبِرْ٢٧
54:27 We are sending the she-camel as a test for them. Just watch them and be patient.
وَنَبِّئْهُمْ أَنَّ الْمَاءَ قِسْمَةٌ بَيْنَهُمْ ۖ كُلُّ شِرْبٍ مُحْتَضَرٌ٢٨
54:28 Inform them that the water is to be shared between them (and she-camel). Each (one’s right) to drink is being established (by turns).
فَنَادَوْا صَاحِبَهُمْ فَتَعَاطَىٰ فَعَقَرَ٢٩
54:29 But they roused a companion of theirs, so he dared to kill (her).
فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ٣٠
54:30 How dreadful was My punishment and My warning.
إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً فَكَانُوا كَهَشِيمِ الْمُحْتَظِرِ٣١
54:31 Surely, We sent against them a single punishment (awful shriek) and they became like the dry stubble (crushed twigs) of a fence-builder.
وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ٣٢
54:32 And We have indeed made the Quran easy to understand and remember, and is there anyone who will remember (and benefit from it)?
كَذَّبَتْ قَوْمُ لُوطٍ بِالنُّذُرِ٣٣
54:33 The people of Loot (عليه السلام) rejected the warnings.
إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ حَاصِبًا إِلَّا آلَ لُوطٍ ۖ نَجَّيْنَاهُمْ بِسَحَرٍ٣٤
54:34 We let loose on them a stone-charged tornado which spared none except Loot’s (عليه السلام) household, whom We saved by early dawn,
نِعْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِنَا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِي مَنْ شَكَرَ٣٥
54:35 as a blessing from Us. Thus do We reward those who are grateful.
وَلَقَدْ أَنْذَرَهُمْ بَطْشَتَنَا فَتَمَارَوْا بِالنُّذُرِ٣٦
54:36 (Loot عليه السلام) had certainly warned them of our severe punishment but they doubted the warnings!
وَلَقَدْ رَاوَدُوهُ عَنْ ضَيْفِهِ فَطَمَسْنَا أَعْيُنَهُمْ فَذُوقُوا عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ٣٧
54:37 They even sought to snatch away his guests (the two angels who visited him in form of human beings) from him but We blinded their eyes, and said : 'Now taste My punishment and the result of disbelieving My warning.'
وَلَقَدْ صَبَّحَهُمْ بُكْرَةً عَذَابٌ مُسْتَقِرٌّ٣٨
54:38 And indeed, by the early morning they were punished by an unrelenting torment.
فَذُوقُوا عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ٣٩
54:39 (They were told), Taste My punishment and warnings.
وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ٤٠
54:40 And We have indeed made the Quran easy to understand and remember, and is there anyone who will remember (and benefit from it)?
وَلَقَدْ جَاءَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ النُّذُرُ٤١
54:41 And indeed, the warnings came to the people of Pharaoh.
كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا كُلِّهَا فَأَخَذْنَاهُمْ أَخْذَ عَزِيزٍ مُقْتَدِرٍ٤٢
54:42 They disbelieved all Our signs. Consequently, We seized them with a seizure of the Mighty, and Powerful.
أَكُفَّارُكُمْ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أُولَٰئِكُمْ أَمْ لَكُمْ بَرَاءَةٌ فِي الزُّبُرِ٤٣
54:43 Are your disbelievers (of Makka) better than these (nations of Nooh, Loot, Saleh (عليهم السلام) and the people of Pharaoh who were destroyed)? Or have you (O' people of Makka) been granted immunity (against Our punishment) in the divine Scriptures?
أَمْ يَقُولُونَ نَحْنُ جَمِيعٌ مُنْتَصِرٌ٤٤
54:44 Or do they say, 'We are united (and are great in numbers) and bound to win?'
سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ٤٥
54:45 (Soon) their united front will be defeated and (forced to) flee.
بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَىٰ وَأَمَرُّ٤٦
54:46 Nay, but the Hour (of Judgement) is their appointed time (for retribution), and the Hour will be more grievous and more bitter.
إِنَّ الْمُجْرِمِينَ فِي ضَلَالٍ وَسُعُرٍ٤٧
54:47 Indeed the criminals are (lost) in error, and are (engrossed) in a frenzied state (of denying the truth).
يَوْمَ يُسْحَبُونَ فِي النَّارِ عَلَىٰ وُجُوهِهِمْ ذُوقُوا مَسَّ سَقَرَ٤٨
54:48 The Day when they will be dragged into the Fire with their faces downwards, (it will be said to them) : 'You taste the touch of Hell.'
إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَاهُ بِقَدَرٍ٤٩
54:49 Indeed, We have created all things in precise measure.
وَمَا أَمْرُنَا إِلَّا وَاحِدَةٌ كَلَمْحٍ بِالْبَصَرِ٥٠
54:50 Our command is but one word, like a twinkling of an eye.
وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا أَشْيَاعَكُمْ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ٥١
54:51 O disbelievers, We have already destroyed many like you. Will you not take admonition?
وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ فَعَلُوهُ فِي الزُّبُرِ٥٢
54:52 Whatever they do is (recorded) in their book (of deeds).
وَكُلُّ صَغِيرٍ وَكَبِيرٍ مُسْتَطَرٌ٥٣
54:53 Every action, small and big is being noted.
إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّاتٍ وَنَهَرٍ٥٤
54:54 Surely, the pious will be in the midst of gardens and rivers,
فِي مَقْعَدِ صِدْقٍ عِنْدَ مَلِيكٍ مُقْتَدِرٍ٥٥
54:55 in a seat of truth (Paradise), near by the Most Powerful King (Allah).
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