TAFSEER-E-ASEDI
By
Shaikh Mir Asedullah Quadri
سورة السجدة
The Prostration
As-Sajda | Sura # 32 | 30 verses | Makkan
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate and Most Merciful
الم١
32:1 Alif-Laam-Meem
'Alif-Laam-Meem' is known as ‘Solemn Verse' (Ayat-e-Muqatta'at - آیتِ مقطعات).
Fourteen Arabic alphabets have been used, in varied combinations, in 14 ‘Solemn Verses' (Ayaat-e-Muqatta'at - آیاتِ مقطعات) in the form of initials of 29 Chapters (سورة) of holy Quran. Alif-Laam-Meem ( الم ) is one of them.
Since Quran is 'Mubeen' (الْمُبِينِ); its description is clear and manifest. The meanings of all the verses of Quran, including 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) are surely known to its principle addressee, ie., Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم). It is also likely that Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) has informed the meanings of these Verses to some of his Sahabah and Awliya Allah.
We believe in whatever is meant by the 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) by Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم).
Since we have been commanded to read the Quran carefully and try to understand the significance of every verse of the Quran, we do ponder over these verses. And when we think, by focusing our attention towards Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) and His Apostle Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) for guidance, it comes to our mind that the 'Solemn Verses' (آیاتِ مقطعات) are actually the 'Solemn Titles of Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) given by Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) throughout the Quran. Our understanding is based on the fact that Allah (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) has addressed Prophet Mohammad (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) in the Quran by specific names, like Muzzammil (مزمل - O' beloved who covers self in a coverlet), Muddassir (مدثر - O' beloved, who covers self in a bed sheet). With this understanding, it is most likely that Prophet’s (صلى الله عليه و آله وسلم) other names / titles have been mentioned in Quran by denoting certain initials/alphabets.
تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ٢
32:2 This book (the Quran) in which there is no doubt, is revealed from the Lord of the worlds.
أَمْ يَقُولُونَ افْتَرَاهُ ۚ بَلْ هُوَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ لِتُنْذِرَ قَوْمًا مَا أَتَاهُمْ مِنْ نَذِيرٍ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَهْتَدُونَ٣
32:3 Yet they say, (the Prophet ﷺ has made it up). Not indeed. It is the Truth from your Lord for you (O' Prophet ﷺ), to warn the people who have had no one to warn them before, so that they may be guided.
اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ ۖ مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ وَلِيٍّ وَلَا شَفِيعٍ ۚ أَفَلَا تَتَذَكَّرُونَ٤
32:4 It is Allah who created the heavens and the earth and everything in between them in six Days. Then He established His authority on the Throne. (O' People) You have no one but Him to protect you and no one to intercede for you, so why do you not pay heed?
يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ يَعْرُجُ إِلَيْهِ فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ٥
32:5 He directs every affair from the heavens to the earth. then all these affairs will be returned to Him on a Day (the day of Judgement) whose length is a thousand years by your counting.
ذَٰلِكَ عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ٦
32:6 Such is He, the Knower of all the unseen and the seen, the Almighty, the Merciful.
الَّذِي أَحْسَنَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَهُ ۖ وَبَدَأَ خَلْقَ الْإِنْسَانِ مِنْ طِينٍ٧
32:7 It is He Who has given the best form to everything that He has created. He originated the creation of man from clay;
ثُمَّ جَعَلَ نَسْلَهُ مِنْ سُلَالَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ مَهِينٍ٨
32:8 then He made his descendants from the extract of a lowly fluid (semen);
ثُمَّ سَوَّاهُ وَنَفَخَ فِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِهِ ۖ وَجَعَلَ لَكُمُ السَّمْعَ وَالْأَبْصَارَ وَالْأَفْئِدَةَ ۚ قَلِيلًا مَا تَشْكُرُونَ٩
32:9 then He formed him and breathed into him from His spirit, and made hearing and vision and hearts for you, yet you seldom are grateful.
وَقَالُوا أَإِذَا ضَلَلْنَا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَإِنَّا لَفِي خَلْقٍ جَدِيدٍ ۚ بَلْ هُمْ بِلِقَاءِ رَبِّهِمْ كَافِرُونَ١٠
32:10 (Still) they ask (mockingly), 'When we are vanished into the earth, will we really be raised as a new creation?' In fact, they are in denial of the meeting with their Lord.
قُلْ يَتَوَفَّاكُمْ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ الَّذِي وُكِّلَ بِكُمْ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمْ تُرْجَعُونَ١١
32:11 Say : 'The Angel of death that has been assigned to you, will take you (at the time of your death), then to your Lord you will be returned.'
وَلَوْ تَرَىٰ إِذِ الْمُجْرِمُونَ نَاكِسُو رُءُوسِهِمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ رَبَّنَا أَبْصَرْنَا وَسَمِعْنَا فَارْجِعْنَا نَعْمَلْ صَالِحًا إِنَّا مُوقِنُونَ١٢
32:12 And if only you could see when the criminals will hang their heads before their Lord (saying) : 'Our Lord! We have now seen and heard, so send us back (to the world) and we will do righteous deeds. Surely! We now believe with certainty.'
وَلَوْ شِئْنَا لَآتَيْنَا كُلَّ نَفْسٍ هُدَاهَا وَلَٰكِنْ حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ مِنِّي لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ١٣
32:13 (And it will be said to them) 'If We had willed, surely We could have given guidance to everyone. But the Word from Me took effect (about evil doers) that I will fill Hell with jinn and mankind together.
فَذُوقُوا بِمَا نَسِيتُمْ لِقَاءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَٰذَا إِنَّا نَسِينَاكُمْ ۖ وَذُوقُوا عَذَابَ الْخُلْدِ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ١٤
32:14 Then, experience it. As you forgot the meeting of this Day of yours, truly, We forgot you. And experience the infinite punishment for what you had been doing.
إِنَّمَا يُؤْمِنُ بِآيَاتِنَا الَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِّرُوا بِهَا خَرُّوا سُجَّدًا وَسَبَّحُوا بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَهُمْ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ ۩١٥
32:15 Only those people believe in Our revelations, who, when they are reminded about them, prostrate themselves in adoration and celebrate the praises of their Lord and are not arrogant.
The above is the 'verse of Sajda' (آیت سجدہ). If someone is reading it alone, should do prostration (سجدة) alone. If it is read loudly in an audience, the reciter and all the listeners should do 'Prostration of Recitation' (Sajda-e-Tilaawah - سجدة التلاوة) individually.
The Prostration can be done in sitting or standing position. In the Hanafi school of thought, 'Prostration of Recitation' (Sajda-e-Tilaawah - سجدة التلاوة) is obligatory (Fardh). With Shafii and Maliki, it is Sunnah.
It is in Hadith 'When you have recited a verse requiring Sajdah-e-Tilaawaah, you should go down for Sajdah with Allahu-Akbar and rise from Sajdah with Allahu-Akbar, which may be performed sitting, though it is preferable to prostrate oneself from the standing position. (Abu Dawood)
Have the intention to do Prostration of recitation (سجدة التلاوة). The place where you are reading/reciting Quran should be clean. Turn your face towards Qibla, say (quietly) Allahu Akbar, go into prostration once, recite the 'Tasbih of Sajdah' 'Subhana Rabbi al-A'alaa' (سبحان ربّي الاعلى ) at least 3 times and raise from the Sajda saying Allahu Akbar.
تَتَجَافَىٰ جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ١٦
32:16 Their backs do not rest on their beds, and they pray to their Lord in fear and hope, and spend (in charity) of what We have given them.
فَلَا تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَا أُخْفِيَ لَهُمْ مِنْ قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ١٧
32:17 No one knows what delights of the eye have been kept hidden for them as a reward for their good deeds.
أَفَمَنْ كَانَ مُؤْمِنًا كَمَنْ كَانَ فَاسِقًا ۚ لَا يَسْتَوُونَ١٨
32:18 Is one who was a believer the same as one who was wicked? (Surely) they are not the same.
أَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَلَهُمْ جَنَّاتُ الْمَأْوَىٰ نُزُلًا بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ١٩
32:19 As for those who believe and do good deeds, they shall be awarded the gardens of paradise as a reward for what they have done.
وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فَسَقُوا فَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ ۖ كُلَّمَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْهَا أُعِيدُوا فِيهَا وَقِيلَ لَهُمْ ذُوقُوا عَذَابَ النَّارِ الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ٢٠
32:20 But as for those who are rebellious, the Fire will be their home. Whenever they try to escape from it, they will be forced back into it, and will be told, 'Taste the Fire’s torment, which you used to deny.'
وَلَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَدْنَىٰ دُونَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَكْبَرِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ٢١
32:21 And surely, We will make them taste the lighter punishment (in this life) before the greater punishment (in the Hereafter), so that they may return (to the Right path).
When people are faced with calamities, floods, earthquakes, outbreak of disease, famine, scarcity of crops, etc., it may sometimes indicate the signs of Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) lighter punishment. Seeking Allah's (عَزَّ وَجَلَّ) forgiveness and refuge, in such situations is always a safe path.
In this context, we would like to draw the attention of all the people in the world to read the Quran and try to understand their Lord. That is the primary purpose of this Tafseer.
Everyone in the world needs to read Quran, and ponder over its verses. If they sincerely read it and seek the assistance of their creator, they will surely get back to the right path and get salvation in Hereafter. Quran provides convincing answers to all your doubts about faith and collective and individual behavior in the world.
وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ ذُكِّرَ بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِ ثُمَّ أَعْرَضَ عَنْهَا ۚ إِنَّا مِنَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ مُنْتَقِمُونَ٢٢
32:22 And who is more unjust than he, who is reminded of the revelations of his Lord, then he turns away from them? Surely We will requite the guilty.
وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ فَلَا تَكُنْ فِي مِرْيَةٍ مِنْ لِقَائِهِ ۖ وَجَعَلْنَاهُ هُدًى لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ٢٣
32:23 We gave Musa (عليه السلام) the Book, So (O' people) let there be no doubt (in your mind) about meeting your Lord (on the day of Judgement). And We made (Taurat) a guide for the Children of Israel.
وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا ۖ وَكَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يُوقِنُونَ٢٤
32:24 When they (the children of Israel) became steadfast and believed firmly in Our messages, We raised leaders among them, guiding them as per Our commandments.
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ٢٥
32:25 Indeed, your Lord will decide between them on the Day of Judgment regarding their differences.
أَوَلَمْ يَهْدِ لَهُمْ كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِنَ الْقُرُونِ يَمْشُونَ فِي مَسَاكِنِهِمْ ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ ۖ أَفَلَا يَسْمَعُونَ٢٦
32:26 Is it not a lesson for the unbelievers to see how many generations We have destroyed before them. They used to walk in their homes (and neighborhood) in comforts. There truly are signs in this. Do they not hear? (Have they not heard about their destruction?)
أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا نَسُوقُ الْمَاءَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الْجُرُزِ فَنُخْرِجُ بِهِ زَرْعًا تَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ أَنْعَامُهُمْ وَأَنْفُسُهُمْ ۖ أَفَلَا يُبْصِرُونَ٢٧
32:27 Don’t they see how We drive (clouds laden with) water to the dry land without any vegetation and bring forth crops (from the rain) with it which they and their cattle eat? Will they not then see?
وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَىٰ هَٰذَا الْفَتْحُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ٢٨
32:28 They say (mockingly), 'When is this (Day of final) Decision, if what you say is true?'
قُلْ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ لَا يَنْفَعُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِيمَانُهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يُنْظَرُونَ٢٩
32:29 Say (O' Prophet ﷺ) : 'On the Day of Decision (Judgment), it will be of no use for the unbelievers to believe (then), nor will they be given any respite.'
فَأَعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ وَانْتَظِرْ إِنَّهُمْ مُنْتَظِرُونَ٣٠
32:30 Therefore, turn away from them and wait, for they too are waiting.
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